Chapter 2 Flashcards
Nonmaterial culture
The classification of culture that includes beliefs, ideas, values, nod assumptions
Material culture
The classification of culture that includes art, buildings, weapons, machines and clothing
Ethnocentrism
The use of one’s own culture as a yardstick for judging the ways of other individuals or societies, generally leading to a negative evaluation of their values, norms, and behaviors
Symbolic culture
Another term for nonmaterial culture
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
The theory that language creates ways of thinking and perceiving
Negative sanction
An expression of disapproval for breaking a norm
Positive sanction
A reward or expression of approval for following a norm
Moral holiday
The time when people are allowed to break norms without penalty
Folkways
Norms that are not strictly enforced
Subculture
A group whose values, beliefs, and related behaviors distinguish its members from the larger culture
Counterculture
A group whose values, beliefs and related behaviors place it’s members in opposition to the dominant culture
Culture war
A clash of values between opposing groups in society that is so severe it may result in extremely high tension, violence, and social upheaval
Real culture
The norms and values that people actually follow
Ideal culture
The values and norms that people in society officially hold and are worth aiming for
Cultural diffusion
The spread of cultural characteristics from one group to another
