Chapter 2

Question 1

What is matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

What are the two types of matter?

Answer 2

Elements (pure substances that cannot be broken down)
Compounds (two or more elements combined)

Question 3

What are the three subatomic particles and their charges?

Answer 3

Protons: Positive (+), in nucleus
Neutrons: Neutral (0), in nucleus
Electrons: Negative (-), in outer shells

Question 4

Protons

Answer 4

Positive (+), in nucleus

Question 5

Neutrons

Answer 5

Neutral (0), in nucleus

Question 6

Electrons

Answer 6

Negative (-), in outer shells

Question 7

What are the three types of chemical bonds?

Answer 7

Ionic: One atom transfers an electron to another
Covalent: Atoms share electrons (like co-parenting)
Hydrogen: Weak attraction between positive hydrogen and negative oxygen/nitrogen

Question 8

Ionic

Answer 8

One atom transfers an electron to another

Question 9

Covalent

Answer 9

Atoms share electrons (like co-parenting)

Question 10

Hydrogen

Answer 10

Weak attraction between positive hydrogen and negative oxygen/nitrogen

Question 11

What is metabolism

Answer 11

Sum of all chemical reactions in body

Question 12

Catabolism

Answer 12

Breaks down complex molecules for energy

Question 13

Anabolism

Answer 13

Builds up complex molecules (requires energy)

Question 14

What are the three types of chemical reactions?

Answer 14

Synthesis: Making a product (A+B → AB)
Decomposition: Breaking down a product (AB → A+B)
Exchange: Mix-matching components (AB+CD → AC+BD)

Question 15

Synthesis

Answer 15

Making a product (A+B → AB)

Question 16

Decomposition

Answer 16

Breaking down a product