Chapter 2 Flashcards
Sources of pre Islamic heritage
-poetry: Arabian battles and adventures.
-Stories and Reports (Ayyam Al Arab)
-Quran and Hadith (religion and practices)
-Non Muslim chronicles
-Excavations and inscriptions
Types of Arabs?
Arab Al baida (lost)
Arab al ariba (true)
Arab al mustariba (arabised)
Ancient civilizations
Sheba 9-275
Ma’in 7-1
Himyar 110-525
Hadramawt
Hira 2 CE- lakhmids allies of Persia
Ghassanids Syria-allies of byzantine
Northern Arabia
300 AD
Petra- Nabateans
Palmyra- Palmyrenes
What was Mecca the center of?
Religion: pilgrimage
trade: Market
cultural activities: poetry contests
Why was Mecca geographically important?
Close to Yathrib (Cristian’s and Jews) and Ta’if (Jews), crossroads Asia, Africa and Mediterranean
Route connecting Yemen with Syria and Iraq
Why were idols important?
Seen as god and mediators, displayed social status and brought offerings
What is Arab tribe in Arabic
Qabila
Examples of cultural activities
Afternpilgrimage, souqs of ukaz, poetry contests winning poem written in golden ink and hung on muallaqat for a year.
What role did the Quraysh play
Custodians, controlled the market, provided food and water, leader had keys to the kaba
What role did the Quraysh play
Custodians, controlled the market, provided food and water, leader had keys to the kaba
Tribal warfare
Competed for limited desert resources
Caravan raiding
Annual period of peace during 11 12 1 7
What was the social structure
Tribal based on lineage and family
Clan ashira
Five generations fakhdh
3 generations bayt
What was the soicial hierarchy
Leader of tribe
Sothsayers saja’ al kuhhan
Merchants and landlords
Poets
Poor
Slaves
Who were the hanifs
Monotheists not Christian’s or jew
