Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is Liquid?
Liquid has no shape of its own and takes on the shape of its container; no definite shape, but has a definite volume
What is gas?
Gas has no definite shape or volume; changes its volume very easily
What is a solid?
A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume
What is Viscosity?
Viscosity is resistance of a liquid to flowing
What is Amorphous?
(Be prepared to know the examples)
Particles not arranged in a regular pattern (i.e.: plastics, rubber, glass)
What is Crystalline Solid?
(Be ready to know the examples)
Particles arranged in regular, repeating patterns called crystals (i.e.: salt, sugar, sand, snow)
What is the difference between melting and freezing?
Melting: Solid to liquid
Freezing: Liquid to solid
How does Volume,Temperature, and Pressure all relate when it involves gases?
Temperature is a measure of the speed of the particles of a gas. The higher the temperature of a gas, the faster the gas particles move.
At a constant volume:
- When the temperature of a gas increases, its pressure increases.
- When the temperature of a gas decreases, its pressure decreases.
Rule:
Constant volume=
temperature ↑, pressure ↑
temperature ↓, pressure ↓
What is Charles’ Law?
Under a constant pressure:
When the temperature of a gas increases, its volume increases.
When the temperature of a gas decreases it volume decreases
Rule:
Constant pressure=
temperature ↑, volume ↑ temperature ↓, volume ↓
What happens to gas particles when the air in an inflated ball leaks out?
It disperses and spreads out into the surrounding environment
What is Boyle’s Law?
When the pressure of a gas increases, its volume decreases! This is all at a constant temperature.
Rule:
Constant temperature=pressure ↑
volume ↓
Constant temperature=pressure ↓
volume ↑
What happens to a gas when it is placed in the freezer or cooler temperatures?
The gas molecules slow down due to reduced kinetic energy, causing them to come closer together and eventually condense into a liquid,a process called condensation.It shrinks in Volume as the temperature decreases.
Compare and Contrast low and high viscosity liquids.
Liquids with high viscosity:
Flow slowly.
Liquids with low viscosity:
Flow quickly.
Explain the structure of molecules in a liquid, solid, and gas and how they differ.
In a solid, molecules are tightly packed together with a regular arrangement, while in a liquid, they are closely packed but with no fixed arrangement, and in a gas, molecules are far apart with no regular pattern,
