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Vet Med terminology > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

directional descriptions and body planes

1
Q

ventral

A

belly or underside

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2
Q

dorsal

A

back

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3
Q

cranial

A

towards the head

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4
Q

caudal

A

towards the tail

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5
Q

anterior

A

front of the body

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6
Q

posterior

A

rear of the body

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7
Q

rostal

A

nose end of the head

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8
Q

medial

A

means toward the midline

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9
Q

lateral

A

away from the midline

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10
Q

superior

A

uppermost, above, or toward the head

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11
Q

inferior

A

lowermost, below, or toward the tail

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12
Q

proximal

A

nearest the midline

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13
Q

distal

A

farthest from the midline

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14
Q

superficial

A

near the surface

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15
Q

deep

A

away from the surface

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16
Q

palmar

A

the caudal surface of front paw (manus)

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17
Q

plantar

A

caudal surface of the back paw (pes)

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18
Q

midsagittal (median) plane

A

divides the body into equal right and left halves

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19
Q

Sagittal plane

A

divides the body into unequal right and left parts

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20
Q

dorsal plane

A

divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts

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21
Q

transverse plane -

A

divides the body into cranial and caudal parts

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22
Q

path/o

A

disease

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23
Q

eti/c

A

cause

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24
Q

lingual surface

A

aspect of the tooth that faces the tongue

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25
Q

palatal surface

A

tooth surface of the maxilla that faces the tongue

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26
Q

buccal surface

A

aspect of the tooth that faces the cheek

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27
Q

occlusal surface

A

aspects of the teeth that meet when the animal chews

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28
Q

labial surface

A

tooth surface facing the lips

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29
Q

contact surfaces

A

aspects of the tooth that touch other teeth

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30
Q

abdomen

A

portion of the body between the thorax and the pelvis, containing the abdominal cavity

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31
Q

thorax

A

chest region located between the neck and the diaphragm

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32
Q

membranes

A

thin layers of tissue that cover a surface

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33
Q

peritoneum

A

the membrane lining the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities and it covers some organs in this area

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34
Q

parietal peritoneum

A

the outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities

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35
Q

visceral peritoneum

A

inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal organs

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36
Q

umbilicus

A

the pit in the abdominal wall marking the point where the umbilical cord entered the fetus

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37
Q

recumbency

A

lying down

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38
Q

adduction

A

movement toward the midline

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38
Q

abduction

A

movement away from the midline

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38
Q

extension

A

straightening of a joint angle or the increase in the angle between two bones

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38
Q

flexion

A

means closure of a joint angle, or reduction of the angle between two bones

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39
Q

cell membrane

A

the structure lining the cell that protects threw cells contents and regulates what goes in the out

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39
Q

cytoplasm

A

gelatinous material located in the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus

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39
Q

nuceolus

A

produces RNA that forms ribosomes

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39
Q

supination

A

the act of rotating the limb or body part so that the palmar surface is turned upward

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39
Q

pronation

A

act of rotating the limb or body part so that the palmar surface is turned downward

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39
Q

protoplasm

A

the cell membrane, cytoplasm, & nucleus

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40
Q

mitochondria

A

energy producers

40
Q

centrioles

A

rob shaped organelles that maintain cell shape and move chromosomes during cell replication

41
Q

golgi apparatus

A

chemical processor of the cell

42
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

collection of folding membranes that may contain ribosomes, may or may not contain ribosomes (proteins)

43
Q

ribosomes

A

site of protein synthesis

44
Q

vacuoles

A

small membrane bound organelles containing water, food, or metabolic waste

45
Q

lysosomes

A

digestive system of the cell

46
Q

nucleus

A

structure in the cell that contains the nucleoplasm, chromosomes, and the surrounding membrane

47
Q

tissue

A

specialized ground of cells that work together to perform a function

48
Q

epithelium/ epithelial tissue

A

covers internal and external body surfaces and its made up of tightly packed cells in a variety of arrangements

49
Q

endothelium

A

cellular covering that forms the lining of the internal organs includes blood vessels

50
Q

mesothelium

A

cellular covering that forms the lining of serious membranes such as the peritoneum

51
Q

connective tissue

A

adds support and structure the the body by holding the organs in place and bonding body parts together

52
Q

adipose tissue

A

form of connective tissue also known as fat

53
Q

muscle tissue

A

tissue type that contains cell material with the specialized ability to contract and relax

54
Q

nervous tissue

A

tissue type that contains with the specialized ability to react to stimuli and conduct electrical impulses

55
Q

aplasia

A

lack of development of an organ or a tissue or a cell

55
Q

anaplasia

A

a change in the structure of cells and their orientation to each other

56
Q

hypoplasia

A

incomplete or less than normal development of an organ or a tissue or a cell

57
Q

neoplasia

A

abnormal new growth of tissue in which multiplication of cells in uncontrolled, more rapid than normal, and progressive

58
Q

-oma

A

tumor

59
Q

atrophy -

A

decrease in size or complete wasting of an organ, tissue, or cell

60
Q

dystrophy

A

defective growth in the size of an organ, tissue, or cell

61
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in the size of an organ, tissue, or cell

62
Q

exocrine glands

A

release chemical substances through ducts that lead out of the body or to another organ

63
Q

endocrine glands

A

get rid of their chemical substances through the bloodstream which transports them through out the body

64
Q

glands

A

group of specialized cells that secrete material used elsewhere in the body

65
Q

organ

A

part of the body that performs a special function or functions

66
Q

oste/o

A

bones

67
Q

arthr/o

A

joints

68
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

69
Q

my/o

A

muscles

70
Q

ten/o

A

tendons

71
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

72
Q

arteri/o

A

arteries

73
Q

ven/o

A

veins

74
Q

hem/o

A

blood

75
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph vessels, fluid, and nodes

76
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

77
Q

thym/o

A

thymus

78
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

79
Q

nas/o

A

nose or nares

80
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

81
Q

pneum/o

A

lungs

82
Q

or/o & stomat/o

A

mouth

83
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

84
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

85
Q

enter/o

A

small intestine

86
Q

col/o

A

large intestine

87
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

88
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

89
Q

ren/o & nephr/o

A

kidneys

90
Q

ureter/o

A

ureters

91
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder

92
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

93
Q

neur/o & neur/i

A

nerves

94
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

95
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

96
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eyes

97
Q

optic/o

A

sight

98
Q

ot/o & audit/o & aud/i

A

ears

99
Q

acoust/o & acous/o

A

sound

100
Q

dermat/o & derm/o &. cutane/o

A

skin

101
Q

adren/o

A

adrenals

102
Q

gonad/o

A

gonads

103
Q

pineal/o

A

pineal

104
Q

Pituit/o

A

pituitary

105
Q

thyroif/o & thyr/o

A

thyroid

106
Q

ovari/o & oophor/o

A

ovaries

107
Q

orch/o. &. orchi/o & orchid/o & testicul/o

A

testes

108
Q

Hyster/o & metr/o & metr/i & metri/o

A

uterus

Vet Med terminology (2 decks)

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