Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is the “mediastinum”?
The space between the lungs
What is another name for the breastbone? What are the 3 portions of the breastbone?
Sternum
1. manubrium
2. body
3. xiphoid process
What is another name for the collarbones?
Clavicles
What is another name for the shoulder blades?
Scapulae
How many pairs of ribs are there?
12
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12
What are the 3 divisions of chest anatomy?
- bony thorax (protective framework)
- respiratory system (lungs and airways)
- mediastinum (space between lungs)
What makes up the bony thorax?
- sternum
- clavicles
- scapulae
- 12 pairs of ribs
- 12 thoracic vertebrae
What are the bony thorax positioning landmarks?
Anterior:
1. jugular notch
2. xiphoid process
Posterior:
1. vertebra prominens (C7)
2. mid thorax (T7)
What is the purpose of the respiratory system?
exchange of gaseous substances between air and blood
What are the 4 divisions of the respiratory system?
- pharynx
- trachea
- bronchi
- lungs
What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx?
- nasopharynx
- oropharynx
- laryngopharynx
What is another name for your voice box?
Larynx
Where is the hyoid bone located?
C3 level
What is the “carina”
bifurcation of inferior trachea into left and right bronchi
(right is straighter and wider)
Where is the carina located?
T5 level
What are alveoli?
sac-like structures on the end of terminal bronchioles that contain air
How many lobes does each side of the lungs contain?
Right: 3 (superior, middle and inferior lobes)
Left: 2 (superior and inferior lobes)
What is “pneumothorax”?
Air in the thorax
What is “hemothorax”?
Blood in the thorax
What are the 4 structures of the mediastinum?
- trachea
- esophagus
- thymus gland
- heart and great vessels
True or False: The pharynx is a common passageway for both food and respiration.
True
True or False: The left bronchus is smaller in diameter than the right but is approximately twice as long.
True
The outermost layer of the pleura is referred to as the:
A. Parietal pleura
B. Visceral pleura
C. Pulmonary pleura
D. Thoracic pleura
A. Parietal pleura
