Chapter 2 Flashcards
Production of plants and animals to meet basic human needs
Agriculture
Egyptian Agricultural Contributions
-irrigation systems
-drainage methods
-land preparation with hoe and plow
Greek agricultural contributions
The study of botany
Roman Empire agricultural contributions
Improved:
-grafting and budding
-legume rotation
-fertility analysis
-storage of fruits and vegetables post-harvest
The year the US Morrill Land Grant College Act passed
1862
The year the US Department of Agriculture was created
1862
5 theories of the origin of agriculture
-divine gift
-discovery
-result of stress
-extension of gathering
-no specific model
Aristotle’s student that wrote a lot about botany
Theophrastus
A book about Roman agriculture written by Pliny the Elder
Historia Naturalis
A system from the Middle Ages that split growing plants into horticulture, forestry, and agronomy
Manorial System
Brought info about utilizing trees to the West from the Great Khan
Marco Polo
Wrote De Materia Medica, an authoritative book on medicinal plants
Dioscorides
Wrote “Anatomy of Plants Begun”
Nehemiah Grew
Wrote “Anatome Plantarum Idea”
Marcello Malpighi
Created binomial nomenclature
Linnaeus
Published “Vegetable Staticks,” the first big plant physiology publication
Explained water and air movement in plants
First scientist to use physical science equipment and methods on plants
Stephen Hales
Showed that plants purify air by intaking CO2 and releasing O2
Joseph Priestly
Father of modern genetics
Demonstrated dominant and recessive traits in pea plants
George Mendel
Founded first commercial nursery in the US on Long Island
Robert Prince
First great American landscape gardener
Andrew J Downing
Found living things are made of cells
Led to the creation of cytology
Robert Hooke
Demonstrated sexuality in plants
Rudolph Camerarius
Wrote “Power of Movement in Plants” about phototropism and gravitropism
Charles Darwin
Father of landscape architecture
Primary architect for Central Park
Frederick Law Olmstead
Wrote “Manual of Cultivated Plants” and “Hortus Second”
Liberty H Bailey
The year the first agricultural experiment stations opened in California and Connecticut
1875
The year the Hatch Act passed, which supported experiment stations in each state
1887
