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HRT 110 - Introduction To Horticulture > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Plants moving in response to light

A

Phototropism

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2
Q

Plants moving in response to touch

A

Thigmotropism

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3
Q

Plants moving in response to gravity

A

Gravitropism

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4
Q

Plants dropping parts in response to environmental cues

A

Abscission

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5
Q

A temporary state of a lack of plant growth

A

Dormancy

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6
Q

List the uses plants have for humans

A

-food
-shelter
-clothing
-purify air
-beauty
-stress reduction
-pharmaceuticals/medicine
-fuel
-prevent erosion/provide habitat
-purify water

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7
Q

When a seed’s embryo is alive and capable of germination

A

Viable

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8
Q

Ripened ovule

A

Seed

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9
Q

What a seed consists of

A

-embryo
-stored food reserves
-seed coat/covering

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10
Q

Requirements for germination

A

-seed is viable
-proper environmental conditions (water/temp/oxygen/light)
-primary dormancy is overcome

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11
Q

Plant hormone that stimulates germination

A

Gibberellins (GA)

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12
Q

Plant hormone that inhibits germination

A

Abscisic acid (ABA)

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13
Q

3 stages of seed germination

A
  1. Uptake of water
  2. Formation of enzyme systems
  3. Breakdown of storage for energy and building blocks
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14
Q

Green pigment inside of chloroplasts that performs photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyll

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15
Q

Positive effects of thigmotropism

A

-plants become short and sturdy to withstand stress from wind or being walked on
-resistance to drought and pathogens

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16
Q

Negative effects of thigmotropism

A

-inhibit leaf expansion
-decreases photosynthesis
-promotes yellowing leaves
-delays flowering

17
Q

When a plant bends up against gravity

A

Negative gravitropism

18
Q

When a plant bends down with gravity

A

Positive gravitropism

19
Q

Describes how plants perceive gravity by statoliths falling to the bottom of cells

A

Statolith Theory

20
Q

Amyloplasts in cells thought to play a part in gravity sensing

A

Statoliths

21
Q

Categories of dormancy

A
  1. Quiescence
  2. Rest
22
Q

Dormancy caused by a lack of necessary external environmental factors

A

Quiescence

23
Q

Dormancy caused due to internal limitations, regardless of favorable external conditions

A

Rest

24
Q

General failure of synthesis reactions

Comes before cell death

Characterized mainly by chlorophyll degradation (browning)

A form of aging

A

Senescence

25
Q

The length of time a plant is exposed to light

A

Photoperiod

26
Q

Long photoperiods generally promote ____________.

A

Leaf growth

27
Q

Short photoperiods generally promote _________.

A

Flowering

28
Q

Name of a theoretical flowering hormone that hasn’t been discovered

A

Florigen

29
Q

Pharmaceutical that comes from willow trees

A

Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

30
Q

Pharmaceutical that comes from yew trees

A

Taxol

HRT 110 - Introduction To Horticulture (3 decks)

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