Chapter 2 Flashcards
Unique building blocks for each element
Atoms
Substances that can be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemicals
Elements
What are the subatomic particles that make up atoms?
Protons (+), neutrons( no charge), and electrons (-)
Where is the proton found?
In the nucleus
Where are electrons found?
They orbit around nucleus
and usually equal to the number of protons
Where are electrons found?
They orbit around nucleus
and usually equal to the number of protons
What four elements comprise 96% of the human body?
C.H.O.N
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen
What are the two components to a solution?
Solvent- what’s doing the dissolving
Solutes- what’s being dissolved
What is the octet rule?
Atoms want eight electrons.
Inert elements are not considered reactive and naturally have 8
What are the three major types of chemical bonds?
Ionic-electrons are transferred
Covalent- Atoms share electrons
Hydrogen-attraction of polar molecules
What is the strongest chemical bond?
Covalent
What is the weakest chemical bond?
Hydrogen
what does PH measure?
Hydrogen
What are buffers?
They’ll release hydrogen to increase acidity or vice versa.
What is the job of the buffer?
To maintain and resist any changes in pH
