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CNA!! > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Disorientation

A

Means confusion about person, place or time

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2
Q

Scalds

A

Are burns caused by hot liquids. It takes five seconds or less for a serious burn to occur when the temperature of a liquid is 140°.

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3
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

Refers to measures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens

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4
Q

Surgical Asepsis

A

Makes an object or area free of all microorganism

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5
Q

Abrasion

A

Is an injury that rubs off the surface of the skin such as scissors, nail clippers, and razors should be put away after use

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6
Q

Covid-19

A

Is a droplet and airborne disease transmitted through droplets and particles produced when the infected person breathes, sneezes, coughs, sings or talks

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7
Q

Susceptible Host

A

Is an uninfected person who could get sick

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8
Q

Methicillin - Resistant staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

A

Is a strain of this bacterium that has developed resistance to methicillin

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9
Q

Cyanotic

A

Blue or gray in reference to skin color

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10
Q

Healthcare associated infection(HAI)

A

Is an infection acquired in a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care

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11
Q

Mucous membranes

A

Are membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body

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12
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing

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13
Q

Portal of exit

A

Is anybody opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave

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14
Q

Mode of transmission

A

Describes how the pathogen travels

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15
Q

Transient Ischemic

A

Is a result of a temporary lack of blood supply to the brain

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16
Q

Direct contact

A

Happens by touching the infected person or their secretions

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17
Q

Microorganism

A

A small living thing that can be seen only under a microscope

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18
Q

Defense mechanism

A

Are unconscious behaviors used to release tension or cope with stress. They help to block uncomfortable or threatening feelings

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19
Q

Cliches

A

Are phrases that are used over and over again and do not really mean anything

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20
Q

Indirect contact

A

Results from touching an object contaminated by the infected person such as a needle, dressing or tissue

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21
Q

Vancomycin - Resistant Enterococcus (VRE)

A

Spreads directly through contact

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22
Q

Clostridioides difficile (C-diff)

A

A bacterium that is spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill; it causes symptoms, such as diarrhea and nausea and can lead to serious inflammation of the colon(colitis)

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23
Q

Disinfection

A

Is a process that destroys most, but not all pathogens

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24
Q

Portal of entry

A

Is anybody opening on an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter

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25
Q

Chain of infection

A

Is a way of describing how disease is transmitted from one human being to another

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26
Q

Causative agent

A

Is a pathogenic microorganism that causes disease

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27
Q

Reservoir

A

Is where the pathogen lives and multiplies

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28
Q

Resident identification

A

Residents must always be identified before giving care or serving food.
Failure to identify residents can cause serious problems, even death

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29
Q

Conscious

A

Means being mentally alert and having awareness of surroundings, sensations, and thoughts

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30
Q

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(CPR)

A

Used when a persons heart or lungs have stopped working

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31
Q

Occupational safety and health administration (OSHA)

A

Is a federal government agency that makes rules to protect workers from hazards on the job

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32
Q

First Aid

A

Is emergency care given immediately to an injured person by the first people to respond to an emergency

33
Q

Obstructed Airway

A

When something is blocking the tube through which air enters the lungs

34
Q

Abdominal thrusts

A

A method of attempting to remove an object from the airway of someone who is choking

35
Q

Shock

A

Occurs when organs and tissues in the body do not receive an adequate blood supply

36
Q

Transmission

A

Passage or transfer

37
Q

Combative

A

Meaning violent or hostile behavior

38
Q

Emesis

A

The act of ejecting stomach contents through the mouth or nose

39
Q

Infection prevention

A

Is the set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease

40
Q

Anger

A

Is a natural emotion that has many causes. These include disease, fear, pain, loneliness, and loss of independence

41
Q

Inappropriate behavior

A

From residents includes trying to establish a personal, rather than a professional relationship with an NA

42
Q

Safety

A

All staff members, including nursing assistants are responsible for safety in a facility

43
Q

Subjective information

A

Is something a person cannot or did not observe

44
Q

Transmission based precautions

A

Are used for persons who are infected or may be infected with certain diseases

45
Q

Body mechanics

A

Is the way the parts of the body work together when a person moves

46
Q

Posture

A

Is the way a person holds and positions their body

47
Q

Communication

A

Is the process of exchanging information with others

48
Q

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

Occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks or ruptures within the brain

49
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

A

Caused by having too little insulin in the body

50
Q

Hepatitis

A

Is inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such as alcohol abuse some medications, and trauma

51
Q

Blood borne Pathogens

A

Are microorganism found in human blood

52
Q

Infections

A

Occur when harmful microorganisms called pathogens invade the body and multiply

53
Q

Systemic Infection

A

Affects the entire body

54
Q

Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC)

A

Is a federal government agency that issues guidelines to protect and improve the health of individuals and communities

55
Q

Objective information

A

Is based on what a person sees, hears, touches or smells

56
Q

Sterilization

A

Is cleaning measure that destroys all microorganisms, including those that form spores

57
Q

Tuberculosis

A

Is highly contagious disease, caused by a bacterium that is carried on mucous droplets suspended in the air

58
Q

Incontinence

A

Is the inability to control the bladder or Bowles

59
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

Is communication without using words, also includes how a person says something

60
Q

Non-intact skin

A

Skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, acne, pimples, lesions, surgical incisions or boils

61
Q

Perineal care

A

Care of the genital and anal area

62
Q

Doff

A

NA’s should remove the gown as soon as possible and wash their hands

63
Q

Don

A

NA’s must put on gown, mask, goggles, face shield and gloves when splashing or spraying of body guilds or blood could occur

64
Q

Hand hygiene

A

As washing hands with soap and water or using an alcohol based hand rub (ABHR)

65
Q

Alignment

A

Whether standing, sitting, or lying down, the body should be in alignment and should have good posture

66
Q

Sharps

A

Are needles or other sharp objects

67
Q

Localized Infection

A

Is limited to a specific location in the body

68
Q

Verbal communication

A

Use spoken or written words

69
Q

Insulin reaction

A

Occurs when insulin is given and the person skips a meal or does not eat all the food required

70
Q

Syncope

A

Occurs as a result of decreased blood flow to the brain, causing a loss of consciousness

71
Q

Myocardial Infarction

A

Occurs when the heart muscle itself does not receive enough oxygen because blood vessels are blocked

72
Q

Base of support

A

Is the foundation that supports an object

73
Q

Center of gravity

A

In the body is the point where the most weight is concentrated

74
Q

Fracture

A

Is a broken bone
Older people are often more seriously injured by falls because their bones are more fragile

75
Q

Culture

A

Is a system of learned beliefs and behaviors that is practiced by a group of people

76
Q

Impairment

A

Is a loss of function or ability it can be a partial or complete loss of function

77
Q

Mental health

A

Is the normal functioning of emotional and intellectual abilities

78
Q

Mental health disorder

A

Is like a physical disorder in many ways. It may have physical causes, such as as differences in a persons brain structure or the way the brain works

79
Q

Standard precautions

A

A method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes are treated as if they were infected with an infectious disease

CNA!! (2 decks)

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