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GE E1 > CHAPTER 2 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 2 Flashcards

1
Q

refers to a large-scale ecological community characterized by distinctive climate, vegetation, and organisms.

(are defined based on factors such as temperature, precipitation, and vegetation types.)

A

Biomes

(Scientists have developed the term Biome to describe areas on the earth with similar climate, plants, and animals.)

(The plants and animals that live in a specific biome are physically well adapted for that area.)

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2
Q

What is the LARGE scale of ecological community?

A

BIOMES

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3
Q

What is the smallest scale of ecological community?

A

ECOSYSTEM

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4
Q

Scientists have developed the term Biome to describe areas on the earth with similar climate, plants, and animals. (IS IT TRUE OR FALSE?)

A

TRUE

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5
Q

The plants and animals that live in a specific biome are physically well adapted for that area. (IS IT TRUE OR FALSE?)

A

TRUE

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6
Q

What are the MAJOR BIOMES?

A
  • Tundra Biome
  • The Taiga Biome
  • Tropical Rainforest Biome
  • Temperate Deciduous Forest
  • Grassland Biome
  • Desert Biome
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7
Q

TWO TYPES OF TUNDRA

A
  1. ALPINE TUNDRA
  2. ARCTIC TUNDRA
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8
Q

is a cold and treeless plain where harsh conditions make it hard for plants and animals alike to survive.

A

The tundra biome

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9
Q

is the coldest of all the biomes

A

The tundra biome

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10
Q

Around ___% of the Earth’s land surface is covered with tundra.

A

20%

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11
Q

The average temperature in the tundra is around -____˚ F.

A

-18˚ F

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12
Q

below the top soil, the ground is permanently frozen year round.

A

Permafrost

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13
Q

is found in mountainous regions at high elevations around the world.

(experiences cold temperatures and high winds, with a short growing season.)

A

Alpine Tundra

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14
Q

Vegetation in ___________ tundra consists of low-growing plants adapted to survive in rocky, nutrient-poor soils and harsh weather conditions.

A

alpine tundra

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15
Q

ANIMALS IN ALPHINE TUNDRA

A
  • Mountain goats
  • Bighorn sheep
  • Marmot
  • Pikas
  • Ptarmigans
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16
Q

is a unique biome found in the northernmost regions of the world, primarily within the Arctic Circle.

A

Arctic Tundra

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17
Q

The _________ tundra has a cold and harsh climate, with long, frigid winters and short, cool summers.

A

Arctic

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18
Q

PLANTS IN ARCTIC TUNDRA

A
  • LOW GROWING MOSES
  • LICHENS
  • GRASSES
  • DWARF WILLOWS
  • ARCTIC HEATHER
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19
Q

ANIMALS IN ARCTIC TUNDRA

A
  • Polar bears
  • Reindeer
  • Lemmings
  • Arctic foxes
  • Snowy Owls

(❑Animals in the Arctic tundra have evolved various adaptations to survive in the harsh environment.)

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20
Q

some of the animals in the taiga hibernate in the winter, some fly south if they can, while some just cooperate with the environment, which is vey difficult. (is is true or false?)

A

TRUE

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21
Q

ANIMALS IN THE TAIGA BIOMES

A
  • DEER
  • WOLVES
  • SQUIRREL
  • RABBIT
  • OWL
  • EAGLE
    SONGBIRDS
22
Q

Also known as the boreal forest or snow forest, is one of the largest terrestrial biomes on Earth.

A

The Taiga Biome

23
Q

this type of BIOME stretches across the northern regions of North America, Europe, and Asia, encircling the Arctic Circle.

A

Taiga Biome

24
Q

is the second-coldest land biome on Earth, after the frozen and treeless tundra.

A

Taiga Biome

(❑It occupies about 27% of the Earth’s surface)

25
Q

It is located south of the Tundra biome, which is characterized by a land frozen by ice and constant snow.

A

Taiga Biome

26
Q

Taiga Biome characterized by its cold climate and dominated by coniferous trees such as spruce, pine, and fir. (TRUE OR FALSE?)

A

TRUE

27
Q

Plants in Taiga Biome

A
  • Coniferous trees
  • Lichens
  • Mosses
  • Aspen
  • Birch
28
Q

______________ trees are the dominant vegetation in the taiga.

A

Coniferous trees

29
Q

The soil in the taiga is generally acidic and low in nutrients. (TRUE OR FALSE)?

A

TRUE

30
Q

is characterized by high temperatures, abundant rainfall, and dense vegetation;

are home to the greatest biodiversity on Earth.

A

Tropical Rainforest Biome

31
Q

are typically located near the equator, where they receive abundant sunlight and experience high temperatures throughout the year.

A

Tropical Rainforest Biome

32
Q

Tropical rainforests are known for their dense and diverse vegetation. (TRUE OR FALSE?)

A

TRUE

33
Q

Trees in the rainforest form several layers… (these are what layers?)

A

Canopy
Understory

34
Q

A second layer of shorter trees and vines.

A

Understory

(❑Understory plants grow well in the shade
formed by the canopy, but the forest floor is
nearly dark and only a few plants live there.)

35
Q

A leafy roof formed by the tallest trees.

A

Canopy

36
Q

ANIMALS IN THE TROPICAL RAINFOREST

A

Jaguar
Toucan
Tree Frog
Sloth
Spider monkey

37
Q

Tropical Rainforests provide people with many cooking spices such as vanilla, allspice, and black pepper. (TRUE OR FALSE?)

A

TRUE

38
Q

❖Rainforests help to maintain our supply of drinking water and fresh water, so they are critical in the sustainability of the earth. (TRUE OR FALSE?)

A

TRUE

39
Q

____% or more of the plants that are used to
treat cancer are found only in the tropical
rainforests on the planet.

A

70%

40
Q

plants that are used to treat cancer:

A

Seven Star Needle
Sabah Snake Grass
Black Face General
Bandicoot Berry

41
Q

What is the largest tropical rainforest in the world?

A

The Amazon rainforest

42
Q

forests that experience four distinct seasons, with warm summers and cold winters.

A

Temperate Deciduous Forest

43
Q

Plants in Temperate Deciduous Forest:

A

Oak Tree
Maple Tree
Beech Tree
Hickory Tree
Birch Tree

44
Q

Animals in Temperate Deciduous Forest

A

Deer
Squirrel
Rabbit
Red Fox

45
Q

The soil in temperate deciduous forests is generally fertile and rich in organic matter due to the decomposition of fallen leaves and other plant materials. (TRUE OR FALSE?)

A

TRUE

46
Q

are also known as prairies, steppes or pampas. This is characterized by vast open spaces covered primarily by grasses, with few trees and shrubs.

(typically experience seasonal variations in temperature, with hot summers and cold winters.)

A

Grassland Biome

47
Q

Animals in grasslands:

A

Bison
Zebra
Elephant
Antelope

(Grazing by these large herbivores helps to
maintain these grasslands.)

48
Q

Plants in the Desert Biome:

A

Cactus
Creosote Bush
Mexican Poppies
Yucca
Succulent

49
Q

are the driest of all the biomes;

receive NO precipitation at all during one year;

often undergo large shifts in temperature during the course of a day.

A

Desert Biome

50
Q

Animals in the Desert Biome:

A

Camel
Fennec Fox
Kangaroo Rat
Sidewinder Snake
Gila Monster
Armadillo Lizard
Greater Roadrunner
Desert Tortoise
Desert Beetle

GE E1 (4 decks)

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