CHAPTER 1

Question 1

Are individuals that eat both plant and animal

Answer 1

Omnivores

Question 2

animals that feed on plants and are primary consumers

Answer 2

Herbivores

Question 3

what is the other term for decomposers?

Answer 3

micro - consumers

Question 4

is the scientific study of living organisms ad their relationships with the environment.

Answer 4

Ecology

Question 5

• are cells that create their own energy and biological materials from inorganic chemicals.
• are organisms that don’t need to eat because they make their own biological materials and energy.

Answer 5

Chemo autothrops

Question 6

• are organisms that eat primary consumers for energy.
• They can either be carnivores or omnivores.

Answer 6

Secondary consumers

Question 7

what is the other term for producers?

Answer 7

autothrops

Question 8

are the living things that shape an ecosystem. Examples of this components include animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria.

Answer 8

BIOTIC COMPONENT

Question 9

These are organisms that make their own food; they are also known as autotrophs .

• They get energy from chemicals or the sun, and with the help of water, convert that energy into useable energy in the form of sugar, or food.

Answer 9

PRODUCERS

Question 10

What are the Three Types of Consumer?

Answer 10

• Primary Consumer
• Secondary Consumer
• Tertiary Consumer

Question 11

• is an organism that feeds on primary producers.
• They are usually herbivores that feed on autotrophic plants, which produce their own food through photosynthesis.

Answer 11

Primary Consumer

Question 12

who and when was the word “ecology” first used?

Answer 12

Ernst Haeckel in 1866

Question 13

It is the field of biology that looks at our environment and what is going on in our environment.

Answer 13

Ecology

Question 14

The biomes together with the aquatic ecosystems of the world are referred to as the:

Answer 14

biosphere

Question 15

• animals that eat feed on other animals or meat eaters and they comprise the secondary consumers

Answer 15

Carnivores

Question 16

What are the TWO components of the Ecosystem?

Answer 16

BIOTIC & ABIOTIC COMPONENTS

Question 17

Ecosystems are either land-based (________) or water-based (_________).

Answer 17

land-based ( terrestrial ) or water-based ( aquatic ).

Question 18

• These are organisms (such as bacteria, fungi and other microscopic) animals that derive energy and nutrients from dead and decaying matter and form its sub-system.
• They are also referred as micro consumers.

Answer 18

Decomposers

Question 19

physical environment within species and between species

Answer 19

Ecosystem

Question 20

consumers that feed on plants and are fed on by other organisms (also known as herbivores, carnivores or omnivores)

Answer 20

macro consumer

Question 21

Organisms in the ecosystem that feed on plants or derive energy from the primary producers

Answer 21

Consumers

Question 22

• is an animal that obtains its nutrition by eating primary consumers and secondary consumers.
• are carnivorous predators, although they may also be omnivores, which are animals that feed on both meat and plant material.

Answer 22

tertiary consumers

Question 23

Macro consumers are called (________) since they depend on other organisms for their energy needs.

Answer 23

heterotrophs

Question 24

It was coined from the Greek word “Oikos” meaning house and the Latin word “logos” meaning the “study of” – literally means

Answer 24

“study of nature’s household”.

Question 25

t was coined from the Greek word “_______” meaning house and the Latin word “________” meaning the “study of”

Answer 25

Oikos = house
study of = study of

Question 26

__________ as a social entity is the most important component of the environment as we are capable of effecting change in our environments more than other species can.

Answer 26

Man

Question 27

is one of the abiotic factors that determine the kind of plants and animals that exist in an ecosystem.

Answer 27

Temperature

Question 28

Plants that grow in dry environments or areas where water is limited area are called?

Answer 28

xerophytes

Question 29

• are the effects organisms in a community have on one another.
• Individual organisms live together in an ecosystem and depend on one another.

Answer 29

Ecological Interactions

Question 30

The ecological of biological interactions are classified into two categories:

Answer 30

Positive Interaction
Negative Interaction

Question 31

• The ultimate source of energy on earth is the sun.
• is transformed into chemical energy by green plants via photosynthesis.

Answer 31

Light

Question 32

Plants that grow in water are called?

Answer 32

hydrophytes

Question 33

what are the three atmospheric gases that are important to all living organisms?

Answer 33

❖Carbon dioxide
❖ Oxygen
❖ Nitrogen

Question 34

Different types of positive population interactions are:

Answer 34

*Mutualism
*Commensalism

Question 35

one of the component of the ecosystem are the physical and chemical factors that influence the various metabolic and physiological processes of the organism and regulate their functions.

Answer 35

ABIOTIC COMPONENT

Question 36

is the ecological interaction in which an individual harms another without obtaining benefit.

Answer 36

Ammensalism

Question 37

• plants that grow well under shady conditions or low light

Answer 37

Sciophytes

Question 38

Two species interacting with each other with one species benefiting and the other unaffected.

Answer 38

Commensalism

Question 39

is the struggle between individuals or different populations for a limited resource

Answer 39

Competition

Question 40

Plants that require moderate or average water are called?

Answer 40

mesophytes

Question 41

Two species interacting with each other that benefits both species.

Answer 41

Mutualism

Question 42

influences the biotic component of the environment in various ways.

Answer 42

Wind

Question 43

is where the plants get mineral nutrients and water.

Answer 43

soil

Question 44

bigger individual of a species kill and feeds on smaller individual of same species.

Answer 44

Cannibalism

Question 45

one species kill and feeds on another species.

Answer 45

Predation

Question 46

• Two species interacting while one species benefits and the host species is harmed.
• is the organism living on or in the body of another organisms and deriving food form its tissues.

Answer 46

parasitism

Question 47

Different types of negative population interactions are:

Answer 47

a. Ammensalism
b. Parasitism
c. Predation
d. Cannibalism
e. Competition

Question 48

The availability of mineral nutrients and water in a soil is dependent on soil characteristics such as texture, pH, temperature, moisture, decaying matter and organisms present.

Answer 48

Soil

Question 49

is essential to the existence of plants and animals.

• All living organisms require this in their bodies.

Answer 49

Water

Question 50

plants that grow well in full sunlight

Answer 50

Heliophytes