chapter 2 Flashcards
This is the most important program that runs on a computer.
OPERATING SYSTEM
Computer perform’s basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display, keeping files and directories on the storage drives, and controlling peripheral devices, such as printers.
OPERATING SYSTEM
Four Main Roles of operating system
*Manage hardware
*Run applications
*Provide a user interface
*Manage files
2 types of operating system interfaces:
*Command Line Interface (CLI): The user types commands at a prompt.
*Graphical User Interface (GUI): The user interacts with menus and icons.
Operating System Functions:
*File and folder management
*Application management
*Control hardware access
*User interface
The operating system creates a file structure on the hard disk to drive to allow data to be stored
File and folder management
The operating system manage all programs to ensure that the correct resources are allocated to the applications.
Application management
The operating system handles the interaction between the applications and hardware.
Control hardware access
The operating system enable the user to interact with software and hardware.
User interface
The operating system is designed to automatically discover new compatible hardware, and then configure the device, OS, and registry.
Plug and Play Technology
Allows programmers to create software applications consistent with the operating system.
API
Cross-platform standard specification for multimedia graphics.
Open Graphics Library (OpenGL)
Collection of API’s related to multimedia tasks for Microsoft Windows.
DirectX
Additional Capabilities of an Operating System
*Multi-user
*Multitasking
*Multiprocessing
*Multithreading
A type of operating system that allows multiple users to access the operating system at the same time.
Multi-user
A method a computer uses to share resources between multiple tasks, or process.
Multitasking
A type of computer that can support more than one physical processor or the ability to schedule tasks between multiple CPU’s.
Multiprocessing
A method used by a CPU to process , or tasks within a program, at the same time.
Multithreading
Network Operating System
Characteristics of NOS:
Characteristics of NOS:
-Designed to support multiple users
-Designed to run multi-user applications
-Designed to be robust and redundant
-Designed to be used on a network
-Designed with increased security compared to desktop operating systems
Common tasks for a NOS:
-File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
-Simple Mall Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
-Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
-Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
-Active Directory
-Network operating systems are designed to function well in a client/server environment
-A server is a robust computer that is used to service the needs of multiple clients within a network.
dominates the personal computer world, offering a graphical user interface (GUI), virtual memory management, multitasking, and support for many peripheral devices
Windows
This features a graphical user interface (GUI) that utilizes windows, icons, and all applications that run on a Macintosh computer have a similar user interface.
Mac
This is a freely distributed open source operating system that runs on a number of hardware platforms.
Linux
It has much of the same functionality as a desktop operating system.
Attributes of NOS
Determining the number of users that a server can support depends on factors such as the hardware specifications, the network operating system, and physical demands on the system.
Attributes of NOS
This will normally remain stable when the number of users is high, but the process may become slow.
Attributes of NOS
The most common network operating systems include:
-Novell Netware
-Microsoft Windows Server
-Linux
-UNIX
The following are some of the factors to consider:
-Is compatibility an issue?
-Which operating system is required for current applications?
-Will the applications work with the existing hardware?
-Do any files have to be transferred between systems?
-Is there an issue with the format of the file systems involved?
-Are the applications standalone or networked?
Increasing the following are some common upgrades to the minimum requirements:
-RAM capacity
-Hard drive size
-Processor speed
-Video card memory and speed
