Chapter 1 Flashcards
consists of hard ware and software components.
Computer System
is the physical equipment.
Hardware
instructs the computer how to operate.
Operating System (OS)
performs different functions or program with specific task.
Application software
vary widely depending on the type of information that will be accessed or generated.
Programs
This is the main printed circuit board and contains the buses, or electrical pathways, found in a computer.
Motherboard
These buses allow data to travel between the various components that comprise a computer.
Motherboard
This executes a program, which is a sequence of stored instructions.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
This is also known as the system, the backplane, or the main board.
Motherboard
Each model of processor has an instruction set, which it executes.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
This executes the program by processing each piece of data as directed by the program and the instruction set.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Architectures use a relatively small set of instructions, and chips are designed to execute these instructions very rapidly.
Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC)
Architectures use a broad set of instructions, resulting in fewer steps per operation.
Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC)
is a technique used to make a processor work at a faster speed than its original specification.
Overclocking
is not a reliable way to improve computer performance and can result in damaging the CPU.
Overclocking
This is a set of multimedia instructions built into intel processors enabled microprocessors can handle many common multimedia operations that are normally handled by a separate sound or video card.
MMX
However, only software especially written to call instructions can take advantage of the instructions set.
MMX
One care inside a chip that handles all of the processing capability.
Single Core CPU
A motherboard manufacturer may provide to build a powerful, multi-processor computer.
Single Core CPU
Two cores inside a chip in which both cores can process information at the same time.
Dual Core CPU
It is the temporary storage for data and programs that are being accessed by the CPU.
Random-Access Memory (RAM)
This Is a memory chip that is used as main memory.
Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM)
This must be constantly refreshed with pulses of electricity in order to maintain the data stored within a chip.
Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM)
This is a memory chip that is used as cache memory.
Static Random Access Memory (SRAM)
This is much faster than DRAM and does not have to be refreshed as often.
Static Random Access Memory (SRAM)
This memory that overlaps consecutive data accesses.
Extended Data Output RAM (EDO Memory)
This speed up the access time to retrieve data from memory, because the CPU does not have to wait from one data access cycle to end before another data access cycle begins.
Extended Data Output RAM (EDO Memory)
The memory bus is the data path between the CPU and the main memory.
Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)
This is DRAM that operates in synchronization with the memory bus.
Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)
This is faster than DDR SDRAM memory.
Double Data Rate 2 SDRAM (DDR2 SDRAM)
This improves performance over DDR SDRAM by decreasing noise and crosstalk between the signal wires
Double Data Rate 2 SDRAM (DDR2 SDRAM)
This is a memory chip that was developed to communicate at very high rates of speed.
Rambus DRAM (RDRAM)
This chips are not commonly used.
Rambus DRAM (RDRAM)
This unit is the piece of hardware that’s used to convert the power provided from the outlet into usable power for the many parts inside the computer case
Power Supply
This is a piece of computer hardware that’s numerous contacts on the bottom of the card and one or more ports on the side for connection to video displays and other devices.
Video Card
A storage drive reads or writes information to magnetic or optical storage media.
Hard Drives and Floppy Drives
The drive can be used to store data permanently or to retrieve information from a media disk.
Hard Drives and Floppy Drives
This is a storage device that uses removable 3.5-inch disk.
floppy drive, or floppy disk drive
This is a magnetic storage device that is installed inside the computer.
hard drive, or hard disk drive
read only memory media that is pre-recorded.
CD-ROM
recordable media that can be recorded once.
CD-R
rewritable media that can be recorded, erased, and recorded
CD-RW
read-only memory media that is pre-recorded
DVD-ROM
This is also known as a thumb drive, is a removable storage device that connects to a USB port.
Flash drive
This uses a special type of memory that requires no power to maintain the data.
Flash drive
This are manufactured with different interfaces that are used to connect the drive to the computer.
Hard drives and optical drives Hard drives and optical drives
To install a storage drive in a computer, the connection interface on the drive must be the same as the controller on the motherboard.
Hard drives and optical drives Hard drives and optical drives
This is also called Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) is an early drive controller interface that connects computers and hard disk drives.
Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)
An interface uses a 40_pin connector.
Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)
This is also called ATA-2, is an updated version of the drive controller interface.
Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics(EIDE)
Supports hard drive larger than 512MB, enables Direct Memory Access (DMA) for speed, and uses the AT Attachment Packet interface (ATAPI) to accommodate optical drives and tape drives on the bus.
Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics(EIDE)
This interface uses a 40-pin connector.
Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics(EIDE)
This refers to the parallel version of the ATA drive controller interface.
Parallel ATA (PATA)
This refers to the serial version of the ATA drive controller interface. interface uses a 7-pin connector.
Serial ATA (SATA)
This is a drive controller interface that can connect up to 15 drives. connect both internal and external drives.
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)
An interface uses a 50-pin, 68-pin, or 80-pin connector.
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)
PORTS AND CABBLES
This is a serial port can be either a DB-9 or a DB-25 male connector.
Serial Ports and Cables
Serial ports transmit one bit of data at a time.
Serial Ports and Cables
The Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a standard interface that connects peripheral devices to a computer.
USB Ports and Cables
This is a high-speed, hot-swappable interface that connects peripheral devices to a computer. d. Parallel Ports and Cables – A parallel port on a computer is a standard Type A DB-25 female connector, The parallel connector on a printers may use a Type C high-density 36-pin connector.
FireWire Ports and Cables
a port can transmit data at rates in excess of 320Mbps and can support up to 15 devices.
SCSI Ports and Cables
If a single SCSI device is connected to an SCSI port, the cable can be up to 80 feet (24.4m) in length.
SCSI Ports and Cables
connector,High-density-50-pin female connector
DB-25-female
This is also known as an RJ-45 port, connects a computer to a network.
Network Ports and Cables
The connection speed depends on the type of network port.
Network Ports and Cables
This connects audio devices to the computer.
Audio Ports
This connects a monitor cable to a computer.
Video Ports and Connectors
This has a 3-row 15-pin female connector and provides analog output to a monitor.
Video Graphics Array (VGA)
This has a 19-pin connector and provides digital video and digital audio signals.
High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)
This has three shielded cables (red, green, blue) with RCA jacks and provides analog video signals.
Component/RGB – RGB
