Chapter 2 Flashcards
Siesmic wave
A type of siesmic wave that moves up or down, or side to side.
Pressure
The force extended on a surface divided by the total area which the force is exerted
Crust
The layer of rock that forms Earth’s surface
Basalt
A dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture , found in oceanic crust.
Granite
A usualy light colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust.
Mantle
The layer of hot, solid, material between Earth’s crust and core.
Radiation
The direct transfer of energy through space by electromagnetic waves.
Conduction
The direct transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another substance that is touching.
Convection
The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid
Density
The amount of mass in a substance in a given volume; mass per. unit of volume
Convection current
the movement of a fluid caused by differences in temp. that transfers heat from one part of a fluid to another.
Continental Drift
The hypothesis is that the continents slowly move across earth’s surface
Pangaea
The name of the single landmass that broke apart supposidly “200 million “ years ago, and gave rise to the continents.
Fossil
A trace of an ancient organisim that has been preserved in rock
Mid ocean ridge
An undersea mountain change where new ocean floor is produced.
Sonar
A device that determines the distance of an object under water by recording echoes of sound waves
Sea floor spreading
The process by which molten material adds new crust to the ocean floor
Deep ocean trench
A deep valley along the ocean floor beneath which oceanic crust slowly sinks toward the mantle.
Subduction
The process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary
Plate
a section that slowly moves over the anthosphere, carrying pieces of continental and oceanic crust
Scientific therory
A well tested concept that explains a wide range of observations
fault
A break or crack in Earth’s lithosphere along which rocks move.
Divergent boundary
A plate boundary where two plates move away from eachother.
Rift valley
A deep valley that forms where two plates move apart.
Convergent boundary
A plate boundary where two plates move past eachother in opposite directions.
Transform boundary
A plate boundary where two plates move past eachother in opposite directions.
