chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

whats matter

A

anything with mass that takes space {i.e. water, wood, and plastic bags}

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pure substance

A

has a fixed or definite compostion composed of 1 type of atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

mixtures

A

has two or more different substances that are physically mixed NOT CHEMICALLY COMBINED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

compound

A

composed of 2 or more elements always combined in same proportion (a definite ratio) I.e. hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

elements

A

a pure substance only has 1 type of material ie copper cu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

can mixtures be seperated

A

yes by physical methods i.e. spaghetti and water via strainer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how are mixtures of liquids + solids seperated

A

by filtration or using chromatography paper as they travel at diff rates up the surface you can actually see them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are homogenous mixs

A

the comp is uniform throughout and you cant tell the different parts in the mix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

examples of homogenous mixtures

A

scuba breathing mixtures i.e. nitrox (oxygen and nitrogen gases)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

heterogenous mixtures

A

comp varies from one part of the mix to another diff parts of mix are visible i.e. water and copper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which is a pure substance or a mixture
a. pasta and tomato sauce
b. aluminum foil
c. helium
d. air

A

a. mix
b.pure substance
c. pure substance
d. mix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 states of matter

A

solid, liquid, or gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

solids have

A

definite shape, volume, particles held close together by strong attractive forces , particles arranged in rigid pattern, can only vibrate slowly in fixed positions i.e. amethyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

liquids have

A

definite volume but not definite shape, have same shape as container, particles that move slowly in random directions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

gases have

A

indefinite shape, volume, same shape and volume as container, particles far apert, move at high speeds, have littles attraction to one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

physical properties

A

characteristics observed or measured without changing substance identity i.e. shape, physical state, boiling/freezing points, density, color of substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

physical properties of copper

A

reddish orange color, shiny, excellent conductor of heat and electricity, solid at 25 degrees Celsius, melting point 1083 degrees Celsius, boiling point 2567 degrees Celsius.

18
Q

physical change

A

matter going physical state of change but composition remains constant i.e. water had 3 states ice, water, steam

19
Q

physical changes also can change physical appearance

A

i.e. salt is dissolved in water salt crystals no longer visible but can reform with evaporation

20
Q

chemical properties

A

chemical prop descr. ability of a sub. to interact w/ other sub. and to change into a new sub.

21
Q

chemical change

A

when this occurs orig. sub. turned into 1 or more new sub. w/ new physical and chem prop.

22
Q

chem change what happens

A

new comp, new physical properties, new chemical prop i.e. iron nails corrode in water and a new sub forms called rust

23
Q

defibriliater

A

provides energy to restore bodies cardiac function

24
Q

energy is

A

bodies ability to do work can be kinetic or potential

25
kinetic energy
energy of motion
25
26
potential energy is
determined by the positions of an objects or its chemical comp.
26
27
identify the energy in each example as potential or kinetic? a. rollerblading b. a peanut butter and jelly sandwhich c. mowing the lawn d. gas in the gas tank
a. kinetic b. potential c. kinetic d. potential
28
heat is
energy associated with the motion of particles and the faster they move the greater the heat or thermal energy of the substance si unit of energy and work is the joule (j) 1 kj = 1000 j
29
carbs
when carbs are exhausted fats and then proteins are used for energy
30
calorimeters measure energy valies
they determine the energy value for the food
31
changes of state are
melting, freezing, boiling, condensation, and sublimation and deposition.
32
change of state happens when
it is converted from 1 state to another at a constant temp
33
melting is
when it changes from a solid to liquid at its melting point (mp)
34
freezing is
when it changes from a liquid to a solid at its freezing point (fp)
35
sublimination
the particles in the surface of a solid change directly to a gas without going through the liquid state no change in temp
36
deposition
reverse of sublimination and gas particles change directly to a solid dry ice is an ex
37
evaporation
happens when water molecules gain sufficient energy to escape the liquid surface and enter gas
38
boiling point
molecules have enough energy to overcome their attractive forces and become a gas
39
condensation
water vapor is converted to a liquid as the water molecules lose kinetic energy and slow down occurs at same temp as boiling but heat is removed
40
vaporization and condensation are
reversible processes