Chapter 2 Flashcards
To take care of others, we must first: __________________________.
Take care of ourselves.
What are three types of hazards encountered?
1.) Personal neglect
2.) Environmental and human-made threats
3.) Mental and Physical Stress
Health is a complex interaction between ______________, __________ and ______________ connections.
Physical, Mental and Emotional
True or False: Chronic physical, mental or emotional stresses can worsen or increase the chance for developing health conditions.
True
True or False: All reactions to stress are negative.
False: Eustress (good stress) creates a positive response.
Distress causes a negative response.
This is the active pursuit of a state of good health.
Wellness
This is the capacity of an individual to cope with and recover from distress
Resilience
What are six ways to increase wellness and resilience?
1.) Eat a healthy and well-balanced diet
2.) Ensure a minimum of 7 to 9 hours of sleep
3.) Strengthen positive relationships with family and friends
4.) Build relationships with peers and colleagues
5.) Incorporate daily stretching movement and exercise
6.) Build habits of mindfulness and positivity
What are some examples of ways can you manage stress?
1.) Minimize or eliminate stressors
2.) Change partners to avoid a negative or hostile personality.
3.) Change work hours.
4.) Change the work environment
5.) Cut back on overtime
6.) Change you attitude about the stressor
7.) Talk about your feelings
8.) Seek Professional Counseling if needed
9.) Do not obsess over frustrating situations
10.) Try to adopt a relaxed, philosophical outlook
11.) Expand your social support system
12.) Develop friends and interest outside EMS
13.) Limit intake of caffeine, alcohol and tobacco
What are important nutrition guidelines to follow?
Eat regular, well-balanced meals
Limit consumption of sugars, fats, sodium and alcohol
Maintain adequate fluid intake
True or False: Regular exercise enhances the benefits of good nutrition and adequate hydration
True
True or False: Good physical condition allows you to handle stress more easily.
True
True or False: You should engage in at least 10 minutes of moderate or vigorous physical activity 5 days per week.
False: At least 30 minutes 5 days per week.
The National Sleep Foundation and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommend this many hours of sleep per night: _______________.
7 to 9.
What are the common side effects from lack of sleep?
Severe mental and physical fatigue
Evidence-based guidelines for fatigue management have been developed under the _______________ and through the _____________________________________.
US DOT & National Association of State EMS Officials
What are the recommendations to combat fatigue?
1.) Get an adequate duration and quality of sleep
2.) Take 20-30 minute naps during shift work
3.) Increase activity
4.) Limit caffeine consumption
5.) Engage in mental exercise
What are some ways to improve sleep quality?
1.) Avoid caffeine and nicotine at least 4 hours before bedtime
2.) Ensure your sleep environment is dark, quiet and cool
3.) Nap early
4.) Avoid heavy presleep meals
5.) Balance fluid intake
6.) Establish a calming presleep routine
7.) Sleep when truly tired
8.) Don’t watch the clock
9.) Keep a consistent sleep schedule
10.) Expose yourself to natural light during your waking hours
_____________ focuses on medical care and prevention to avoid the effects of disease
Disease Prevention
________________ focuses on personal practices and social habits to improve one’s health.
Health Promotion
True or False: Smoking, vaping and chewing nicotine can all lead to cardiovascular and respiratory illness as well as cancer.
True
True or False: Acceptable alcohol consumption is described to be one drink per day for women and 2 drinks per day for men.
True
True or False: Alcohol has no major affect long term on developing certain cancers.
False: Excessive alcohol use can adversely affect many body systems and increase the risk of developing certain cancers
True or False: Many EMS agencies drug test their employees for illegal and prescription drug use.
True
True or False: Balancing work life with family and health is not usually significant.
False: It is important. Try to rotate your schedule for time off, take vacations and seek help with stress becomes too much to handle.
Infectious disease is caused by organisms ___________ the body.
Within
_________________ diseases can be spread from person to person and from one species to another
Communicable
What are three ways infection risk can be minimized?
1.) Immunization
2.) Protective Techniques
3.) Handwashing
What is an example of a direct contact route of transmission?
Bloodbourne pathogens
What is an example of a indirect contact route of transmission?
Needlesticks
What is an example of a airbourne route of transmission?
Sneezing/coughing
What is an example of a Foodborne route of transmission?
Contaminated Food
What is an example of a vector-borne route of transmission?
Fleas/Ticks
True or False: All EMTs are trained in handling blood-borne pathogens.
True
The CDC developed standard precautions for prevention of infectious and communicable diseases for EMS staff. These include:
1.) Hand hygiene
2.) PPE (Gloves, Gown, Mask, Eye Protection, Face Shield)
What is putting on full PPE called?
Donning
What is removal of full PPE called?
Doffing
_______________ is the simplest, yet most effective way to control disease transmission.
Handwashing
True or False: You only need to wash your hands before and after patients if you didn’t wear gloves.
False: You should ALWAYS wash your hands even if you wore gloves before and after patient contact.
If there is no running water accessible, what is the next option?
Waterless handwashing substitute (Hand sanitizer)
True or False: You should wear gloves always if there is any possibility for exposure to blood or bodily fluids.
True
Which types of gloves are effective?
Vinyl, Nitrile and Latex
True or False: You can remove your gloves any way as long as you wash you hands after.
False: Removing gloves requires a special technique to avoid contaminating yourself with materials on the outside of the gloves.
Eye Protection protects from: ______________.
Blood Splatters
True or False: Prescription glasses are an adequate substitute for a face shield?
False
What is an adequate substitute for a face shield if necessary?
Goggles
What are gowns useful for?
Provide protection from extensive blood splatter.
What are some examples of extensive blood splatter.
1.) Aerosol-generating procedures
2.) Field delivery of a baby
3.) Major trauma
This type of mask is worn for fluid spatter and communicable disease.
Standard Surgical Mask
This type of mask is used when coming into contact with a patient who has tuberculosis or any other airborne disease: _______________.
Mask with particulate air respirator
True or False: Mouth to Mouth resuscitation may transmit disease?
True