Chapter 2

Question 0

Arithmetic density

Answer 0

The total number of people divided by the total land area

Question 1

Agricultural density

Answer 1

The ratio of the number of farmers to be a total amount of land suitable for agriculture

Question 2

Census

Answer 2

A complete enumeration of a population

Question 3

Crude birth rate

Answer 3

The total number of live births in a year for every 1000 people live in the society

Question 4

Crude death rate

Answer 4

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1000 people alive in the society

Question 5

Demographic transition

Answer 5

Process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth rate and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and higher total population

Question 6

Demography

Answer 6

The scientific study of populations characteristics

Question 7

Dependency ratio

Answer 7

The number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in labor force

Question 8

Doubling time

Answer 8

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase

Question 9

Ecumene

Answer 9

The portion of the earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement

Question 10

Epidemiologic transition

Answer 10

Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition

Question 11

Epidemiology

Answer 11

The branch of medical science concerned with the incidents, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population of a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locally

Question 12

Industrial revolution

Answer 12

A series of improvements in an industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods

Question 13

Infant mortality rate

Answer 13

The total number of deaths in the year among infants under one year of age for every 1000 live births in the society

Question 14

Life expectancy

Answer 14

The average number of years and individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infants can expect to live

Question 15

Medical revolution

Answer 15

Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that has diffuse to the poorer countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improves to medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poor countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives

Question 16

Natural increase rate

Answer 16

The percentage growth of a population in the year, computed as the crude birth rate minus death rate

Question 17

Overpopulation

Answer 17

A situation in which the number of people in the area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living

Question 18

Pandemic

Answer 18

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population

Question 19

Physiological density

Answer 19

he number of people per unit of the area of arable land which is suitable for agriculture

Question 20

Population pyramid

Answer 20

A bar graph that represents the distribution of population by age and sex.

Question 21

Sex ratio

Answer 21

The number of males per 100 females and the population.

Question 22

Total fertilty rate

Answer 22

The average number of children a woman will have through out childbearing years.

Question 23

Zero population growth

Answer 23

A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equal zero.