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AP Human Geography > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Concentration

A

The spread of something over a given area

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1
Q

Cartography

A

The science of map making.

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2
Q

Contagious diffusion

A

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population

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3
Q

Cultural ecology

A

A geographic approach that emphasizes human-enviroment relationships.

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4
Q

Cultural landscape

A

The fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group

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5
Q

Culture

A

The body of customary beliefs, social forms and material traits that together constitute a group’s distinct tradition.

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6
Q

Density

A

The frequency with which someone exists within a given unit of area.

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7
Q

Diffusion

A

The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another overtime

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8
Q

Distance decay

A

The diminishing and the importance and the eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin.

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9
Q

Distribution

A

The arrangement of something across earths surface

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10
Q

Environmental determinism

A

A 19th and early 20th century approach to the study of geography which argued that the general laws stop by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences. Geography was there for the study of how the physical environment caused human activities.

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11
Q

Expansion diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive process.

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12
Q

Formal region(or uniform or homogenous

A

In area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics.

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13
Q

Functional region(or nodal region)

A

In the area organized around a notice of focal point.

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14
Q

GIScience (geographic information science)

A

The development and analysis of data about Earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies.

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15
Q

GIS(geographic information system)

A

A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data.

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16
Q

GPS(global positioning system)

A

A system that determines the precise position of something on earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers.

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17
Q

Globalization

A

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope.

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18
Q

Greenwhich mean time

A

The time in the zone encompassing the prime meridian, or 0° longitude

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19
Q

Hearth

A

The region in which innovative ideas originate

20
Q

Hieracheal diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places.

21
Q

International date line

A

180° longitude: although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas, when you cross the international dateline (heading east) the clock moves back 24 hours or one entire day.

22
Q

Lattitude

A

The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator 0°.

23
Q

Location

A

The position of anything on Earth’s surface.

24
Q

Longitude

A

The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distances east and west of the prime meridian 0°.

25
Q

Map

A

A two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth’s surface or a portion of it

26
Q

Map scale

A

The relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface

27
Q

Network

A

A chain of communication that connects places

28
Q

Pattern

A

The geometric or regular arrangements of something in a study area.

29
Q

Place

A

A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular characteristic

30
Q

Polder

A

Land created by the Dutch by draining water from an area

31
Q

Possibilism

A

The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives

32
Q

Region

A

An area distinguished by a unique combination of trends and features

33
Q

Relocation diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another

34
Q

Renewable resource

A

Something produced in nature more rapidly then it is consumed by humans

35
Q

Nonrenewable resource

A

Something produced in nature more slowly than it is consumed by humans

36
Q

Resource

A

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use

37
Q

Scale

A

Generally, the relationship between the portion of the earth being studied and earth as a whole

38
Q

Site

A

The physical character of the place

39
Q

Situation

A

The location of a place relative to another place

40
Q

Space

A

The physical gap or interval between two objects

41
Q

Space-time compression

A

The reduction in the time it takes to defuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems

42
Q

Stimulus diffision

A

The spread of an underlying principle even though a specific characteristic is rejected

43
Q

Sustainability

A

The use of Earth’s renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in ways that do not constrain resource use in the future

44
Q

Toponym

A

The name given to a portion of Earth’s surface

45
Q

Transational corporation

A

A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products and many countries, not just words headquarters or shareholders are located.

46
Q

Uneven development

A

The Increasing gap and economic conditions between cooler and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy

47
Q

Vernacular region or perceptual region

A

An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity

AP Human Geography (6 decks)

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