Chapter 2 Flashcards
Chemical reaction
Process in which a chemical bond is formed or broken
Decomposition reaction
Large molecule breakdown into two or more smaller ones
Synthesis reaction
Two or more small molecules combine to form a larger one
Reversible reactions
Can go in either direction under different circumstances
Basis for chemical reactions
Molecular motion and collision
Reaction rates affected by
Concentration, temp, catalysts, and enzymes
Catabolism
Energy releasing decomposition reactions
Anabolism
Energy storing synthesis reactions
Electrolytes
Inorganic ions which conduct electricity in solution
Organic compounds
Contain carbon
Carb functions
Quick source of energy
Lipids
Form essential structures of cells and function as energy reserves
Proteins
Composed of amino acids, shape and sequence determine function
Conformation
Unique 3D shape of protein crucial to function
Denaturation
Extreme conformational change that destroys function
Protein function
Structure, communication, membrane transport, recognition/protection, movement, cell adhesion, catalysis
Enzymes
Proteins that act as catalysts
Substrate
Substance an enzyme acts upon
Activation energy
Energy needed to get reaction started
Enzymes are
Reusable, speedy, and varying in diff PH and temps
Nucleotides made up of
Nitrogenous base, sugar, and phosphate group
Most abundant nucleotide in body
ATP
Nucleic acids
Polymers of nucleotides
PH
Concentration of hydrogen (acid 0- basic 13.4)
