Chapter 2 Flashcards
Name the 3 main subatomic particles and their charge
Protons (+1), Neutrons (0), Electrons (-1)
Which two subatomic particles have the same mass (of 1)
Protons and Neutrons
Which subatomic particle(s) is/are found in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
Which subatomic particle(s) reside on the outside of the nucleus of an atom?
Electrons
Atomic number
The # of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atoms have no overall charge T/F
T
The # of protons = the # of electrons when it comes to the atomic number T/F
T
How do you find how many neutrons are in an atom?
The mass (amu) is a sum of neutrons and protons. Subtract the number of protons by the atomic number to get how many neutrons there are
What is amu?
Atomic mass unit, the standard measurement of weighting an atom
Isotopes
Atoms that have a different charge/mass #. Element itself is the same but the mass (top #) changes.
The equation of atomic weight
The sum of [(isotope mass)(fractional natural abundance in decimal)]
The bottom left number on subscript of an atomic refers to the
Atomic number (# of protons OR electrons)
The top left number on the subscript of an atom refers to
Mass (amu), # of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Cations are ions where the atoms lost/gained electrons
Lost electrons, now has a positive charge
Anions are ions where atoms gain/lost electrons
Gained electron, now has a negative charge
Elements on a periodic table are arranged by ______
Atomic number (the number of protons in an element)
The rows that go horizontally on a periodic table are called ______
Periods
The vertical columns on the periodic table are called ______
groups
Groups (the vertical columns) typically contain elements with similar properties near each other/in the same group T/F
T
What are the elements in group 1A and are they metallic, non metallic, or metalloids
Alkali metals
Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
What are the elements in group 2A and are they metals, nonmetals, or metalloids
Alkaline Earth metals
Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
What are the elements in group 6A and are they metals, nonmetals, or metalloids
Chalcogens, Nonmetals
O, S, Se, Te, Po
What are the elements in group 7A and are they metals, nonmetals, or metalloids
Halogens, non metals
F, Cl, Br, I, At, Ts
What are the elements in group 8A and are they metals, nonmetals, or metalloids
Noble gasses, non metals
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn, Og
Diatomic molecules
Molecules make up for two of the same atoms
What are some examples of naturally occurring diatomic molecules?
H2 (Hydrogen)
N2 (Nitrogen)
O2 (Oxygen)
Br2 (Bromine)
C2H4 is a representation of which formula?
Molecular formula
Which formula gives the exact number of atoms present in each molecule (ex: H2O)
Molecular Formula
Which formula reduces the number of atoms in a molecule to make it appear simpler? (Ex: SO2)
Empirical Formula
Which type of ion is typically in metal elements?
Cation
Which type of ion is in nonmetals?
Anions
