Chapter 2

Question 1

How do you find the average atomic mass of an element?

Answer 1

Sum each isotope’s atomic mass multiplied by the decimal form of its natural abundance.

Question 2

What are the groups of the periodic table and where are they located?

Answer 2

Group 1: Alkali metals
Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 17: Halogens “salt former” (+G1/2)
Group 18: Noble Gases
Atomic numbers 58-71: Lanthanides
Atomic numbers 90-103: Actinides

Question 3

What are the metalloids?

Answer 3

B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, and At. They tend to have the physical properties of metals, but the chemical properties of non-metals.

Question 4

What are the general ion charges?

Answer 4

G1: +1
G2: +2
G3: +3
G15: -3
G16: -2
G17: -1

Question 5

What are the laws for naming molecular compounds?

Answer 5

The elements must be nonmetals.
1) 1st word = name of 1st element
2) 2nd word = name of 2nd element w/ ending -ide
3) Prefixes added to indicate number of atoms of each element present (remove prefix vowel if suffix begins with a vowel)

Question 6

What are the rules for naming ionic compounds?

Answer 6

Cations (usually metals) and anions (usually nonmetals)
1) 1st word = name of cation
2) 2nd word = name of anion w/ ending -ide

Question 7

What are the special rules of oxoanions?

Answer 7

(polyatomic anions containing oxygen) The suffix -ate has more oxygen than -ite
hypo- means one less oxygen
per- means one more oxygen