chapter 2 Flashcards
axial skeleton
skull, vertebral column, and thorax
appendicular skeleton
126 limbs, 2 bones in the pectoral girdle, and 2 of the bones in the pelvic girdle
pectoral girdle
attaches the upper limbs to the axial skeleton (anterior clavicle + posterior scapula)
pelvic girdle
the coxal (hip) bones attach the lower limbs to the axial skeleton
bone markings
bumps, holes and ridges in bones
projections (bone marking)
serve as sites of the muscle attachment or help form joints
depression (cavities,indentations, or openings) (bone marking)
conduits for nerve and blood vessels
tuberosity
large rounded projection may be roughened
crest
narrow ridge of bone usually prominent
trochanter
very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process
ex. femur
line
narrow ridge of bone. less prominent than crest
tubercle
small rounded projection or process
epicondyle
raised area on or above a condyle
spine
sharp, slender, often pointed projection
process
any bony prominence
head
bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
facet
smooth, nearly flat articular (joint) surface
condyle
rounded articular projection often articulates with corresponding fossa
surfaces that help to form joints
head, facet, and condyle
depressions and openings for passage of blood vessels and nerves
groove, fissure, foramen, notch, meatus, sinus, and fossa
groove
furrow
fissure
narrow, slit like opening
foramen
round or oval opening through a bone
notch
indentation at the edge of a structure
