Chapter 2 Flashcards
—– is the exchange of information with others
Communication
Verbal Communication
Spoken or written words
—– communication without the use of words.
Non-verbal
—- is another form of non-verbal communication.
Body language
Example of body language communication
- Movement
- Facial expression
- Posture
—– or —- can help with communication.
Picture card/ gestures
—- sends messages just as words do.
Body language
Information should only be shared with —-
Care team
What kind of questions should the NA ask the residents.
Open-ended questions that requires more than yes or no.
Guideline in having a proper communication with a resident.
- Greet the residents by their preferred name
- Tell them who you are
- Listen and responds
- Praise and smile often
- Inform the residents when leaving.
—— report is based on signs such as what you can see, smell hear and touch.
Objective information
—— is something that cannot be observed.
Subjective information
Objective information is called
Sign
Subjective information is also called
Symptoms
Incontinence
The inability to control a bladder or bowel
What to do when giving an oral report
Wait for the nurse to complete his or her task before approaching them.
Documentation should occur after the report is given and not before.
True
What is a root
It is a part of word that contain necessary meaning.
What do you understand by Suffix
A word part that is added to the end of a root to form a new word.
Prefix and suffix are called
Affixes
What do you understand by dermatitis
An inflammation of the skin
Neuropathy
A disease of the nervous system
NA should use simple-non medical term when speaking with residents and family.
True
The PRN abbreviation stand for
As necessary
Ways to have an effective telephone communication
- Identify the facility name, your name and position
- Place the call on hold if the caller wants to talk to their family member
- Have a note pad close to you incase the caller wants to live a message.
- Thank the caller for calling
Where can the call light be found
In a resident room/bathroom and at the nurse station
What is the primary reason for a call light
For the resident to call for help
Discuss the blockage of effective communication
- Lack of understanding
- Using medical words with the resident/ slang
- Using cliches
- Responding why
- Giving advice
- Asking only yes or no questions
- Different language
- Using non verbal communication
Defense Mechanism
Unconscious behavior used to release tension or stress
The common defense mechanism
- Denial: Rejection of the thoughts or feelings
- Projection: Seeing the feelings of others as one’s own
- Displacement: Transfering a negative feelings to a safer situation
- Rationalization: Making excuses to justify a situation
- Repression: Blocking a painful thoughts from the mind
- Regression: Going back to your own childish behavior
—- is a belief system practiced by group of people
Culture
What is an impairment
The loss of function or ability
How does people who have hearing impairment communicate?
- Hearing aid
- Reading lips
- Sign of language
How to clean a resident hearing aid
Make use of wipes and a soft cloth
How to approach a resident with hearing impairment
Get their attention first before speaking.
Resident with hearing impairment who are tired or sick may hear less?
True
Some resident with hearing impairment may have speech issues ?
True
Is hearing decline part of aging
Yes
Vision impairment can be a result of
- Injury
- Illness
- Or aging
How to approach resident who are vision impaired in their room?
Knock and identify yourself
What is the imaginary clock use for
To explain the position of an object to a resident who is vision impaired.
Mental Health
This are people who behave normally.
Mental health disorder
This are people who cannot behave normally.
Signs and Symptoms of Mental Health Disorder
- Confusion
- Un-organized
- Agitation
How to communicate with people with mental health disorder.
- Treat them like adults
- Respect them
- Talk to them in a calm tone
- Let there be some distance when talking to them
- Do not argue with them
- Maintain eye contact and listen to them
——- is a violent nor hostile behavior
Combative
What are the causes of a combative behavior
- Disease
- Personality
- Frustration
How to handle combative residents
- Do not fight them
- Give them time to calm down
- Do not argue with them
- Speak calm with them
- Report any inappropriate behavior
—- is also part of a person personality
Anger
How to Respond with residents with anger behavior
- Stay calm
- Understand the person
- Find the cause of the anger
- Answer call light
- Respect them
How can NA respond to resident’s inappropriate behavior towards the NA themselves?
By saying that makes me feel uncomfortable
What should an NA do before leaving a resident’s room
- Asking himself if the call light is in the resident’s reach
- Are the furniture in the right spot
- Is the room well tidy enough
- Is there space for the resident to walk around the room
—- is the way parts of the body work together.
Body mechanics
Discuss the Principles of Body Mechanics
- Alignment: The body should be aligned and have good posture
- Posture: The way the body is positioned
- Base of support: The body is supported by the feet
- Center of gravity: Where the most weight is concentrated.
What is the proper body mechanics use
- Clear the path first
- Bring the object close to you
- Spread your width feet, bend your knee and use your arm or hand to lift the object
- Get help from a co-worker if needed
- Avoid bending your waist to prohibit body injury
What position to adjust a bed if making it
To the waist high
How do you assist a resident to stand up
- Place your feet width apart
- One feet in front of the resident feet
- Bend your knee and make sure your body is in straight alignment.
What to do if a residents is on the move of falling
Avoid catching the resident, instead, assist the resident to the floor.
If a task is unsafe to do, what should an NA do?
Make a report to the nurse
How do you define the meaning of a fall
It is an accidental uncontrollable experience, that occur with or without injury.
—– refers to most of the accidents that occur in health care facilities?
Fall
—- is a broken bone?
Fracture
Fall is common among—-
Elder people
What are the factors that increase the risk of falls?
- Messing environment
- Slippery floor
- Medication
- Disease
- Lack of proper lighting
- Call light is not in resident reach
What does disorientation mean
Confusion of a place, time or person.
How to prevent falls in health care facilities?
- Clear the messy environment
- Answer the call light
- Lock bed wheel before providing care
- Bring the bed to its lowest position after each care
- Help resident with elimination need often
- Avoid wearing resident long gown
- Wear the resident non-slip/ sturdy shoes
- There should be proper lighting in the room
- Make sure the furniture are in there right positions
- Get help if needed
—— can be caused by dry heat, wet heat, or chemicals.
Burns
—– and — is at greater risks of burns?
Older adults and small children
—- is caused by hot liquids.
Scalds
How long does it take for a serious burn to occur when the temperature of the liquid is 140 degrees?
Five seconds or less
How to Prevent Burns/Scalds?
- Check the temperature
- Report any unsafe electric cords
- Have the resident sit
- Be far away when pouring the hot liquid
- inform the resident what you about to do
Is it important to identify a resident before giving care or providing any procedure?
Yes.
How does chocking occur?
When eating, drinking or taking medication.
What should be done to guard against chocking?
Sitting uprightly will help guide against it.
Residents with swallowing issue need to have what type of food?
Liquid thickened nectar, honey or pudding
Cut and Abrasion usually occur in the — at the facility?
Bathroom
What do you understand by the word Abrasion in health meaning?
An injury on the surface of the skin.
Wheel chair should be push forward or backward?
Forward
How to use the elevator with wheel chair?
It should be turned around to make the resident face forward.
What do you understand by OSHA?
It is a federal govt agency that set rules to protect workers from hazard at work.
OSHA stands for
Occupational-Safety-Health-Administration
Discuss the important information about safety data sheet?
- Organization must have safety data sheet for every chemical used.
- Organization must have easy access for safety data sheet.
- All staff must be able to know where the sheet are kept and how to use them.
What to do if you see a resident smokes?
Make sure its in the appropriate area when smoking.
What do you understand by burn assistant apron?
This apron protects smokers from getting burnt by the cigarette.
Electronic Cigarette: Discuss
This cigarette uses ba3 to turn the nicotine vapor on.
What to do if fire alarm and exist door is blocked?
Report the situation to the nurse in charge
Discuss the P.A.S.S Acronym?
P- Pull the pin
A- Aim the base of the fire
S- Squeeze the handle
S- Sweep the base of the fire in its direction
Discuss the R.A.C.E Acronym?
R- Rescue the resident
A- Activate the 911/ alarm
C- Contain the fire by closing all doors, if safe to do so
E- Extinguish the fire or wait for the fire department to extinguish it.
Steps to follow to rescue residents from fire outburst?
- Stay calm
- Follow the fire department instruction
- Rescue any residents in need
- Avoid the elevator, unless instructed to
- Stay low to escape a fire in the room
- Use the stop, drop and roll technique to extinguish a fire on hire and body.
Who gives direction doing disaster?
Nurse/administrator
What an NA can do in any disaster situation?
- Stay calm
- NA must know all exit doors in the building
- NA should know the fire extinguisher and fire alarm location.
- Use the internet to get informed about the situation.
How to respond to emergencies?
- Assess the situation: Go find out what is happening
2. Assess the victim: Ask the victim what went wrong.
What should an NA do after an emergency is over?
The NA should document and complete the incident report.
—– is an emergency hastily given to an injured person?
First aid
Discuss what you understand by C.P.R
It is used on people who show no sign of life.
C.P.R stands for
Cardiopulmonary resusitation
—- is used until medical help arrives?
C.P.R
Why should C.P.R be started immediately?
To prevent brain damage
Obstructed Airway
This occurs when something blocks air from entering the lung.
What is the sign that a person is chocking?
By putting a hand to their throats
If the resident can no longer breathe, speak or cough, what should the NA do?
Call for help immediately by using the call light or emergency cord.
What is Abdominal thrust?
It is a method used to get an object out of a person’s airway when choking.
Which set of people should you give abdominal thrust to?
Only those who show signs of choking.
Signs and symptoms of obstructed airways?
- Air exchange issue
- Difficulty breathing
- Silence coughing
- Blue tinged skin(Cyanotic)
- Unable to speak or cough
What are the risk of abdominal thrust on a person who is not chocking?
It affects the ribs and internal organs
How to Perform Abdominal Thrust on a resident?
- Stay behind the resident and bring your arm under the arm of the resident.
- Make a fist with one hand. Place the other flat thumb fist against the abdomen and below the breastbone.
- Grasp the fist hand and the other toward yourself and pull up forcefully.
- Make documentation of the incident.
What should an NA do if the chocking person is unconscious?
The person should be assisted to the floor, sleeping on their back and having the face, face up.
Why does shock occur?
If the organs and tissue are not receiving the necessary bloody supply.
What can lead to shock?
- Heart attack
- Severe infection
- Very low blood pressure
- Bleeding
How to respond to residents in shock?
- Call for help quickly
- Have the person lay down on their back
- Check the pulse and respiration
- Maintain the temperature of the person
- Avoid giving food or water
- Make the person feel calmer and comfortable
- Document the incident
Mayocardial Infarction
A blockage of the blood vessel prevents the heart muscle from receiving adequate oxygen.
Mention the signs and symptoms of mayocardial infarction?
- Pain on the chest and other body parts
- Difficulty breathing (Dyspnea)
- Vomiting
- Heartburn
- Weak pulse
- Lack of oxygen
- Anxiety
- Low blood pressure
