Chapter 2 Flashcards
Purposes of functions of the UN
To keep peace throughout the world;
•To develop friendly relations among nations;
•To help nations work together (improve lives of poor people; conquer hunger, disease, and illiteracy; encourage respect for each other’s rights and freedoms)
•To be a center for harmonising the actions of nations to achieve these goals
5 organs of the UN
General Assembly
Security Council
International Court of Justice
Economic and Social Council
Secretariat
General Assembly
- Makes recommendations to States
- Safeguards human rights
- Promotes human progress
- Elects non-permanent members of the SC and appoints the Secretary- General
Security Council
•5 permanent members (China, the US, The UK, France and Russia) + 10 non-permanent members (generated by election)
- maintain international peace and security
International Court of Justice
•Composed of 15 judges from different countries, elected by the General Assembly and Security Council
- Settles legal disputes submitted to it by states in accordance with international law
Economic and Social Council
- •Promotes the economic and social development of countries and urges countries to respect human rights
- Supervises subsidiary bodies including the UNESCO, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN, WHO, etc
Secretariat
- Carries out tasks and policies made by other UN principal organs
- Headed by the Secretary-General (appointed by the General Assembly)
MEASURES CAN BE TAKEN BY SC OF UN
- impose economic measures e.g. economic and trade sanctions (Article 41)
- Impose military measures e.g. blockade, operations by air, sea or land forces of Members of the UN, etc
- Adopt Counter-terrorism resolutions
DIFFICULTIES AND CHALLENGES FOR THE UN TO ACHIEVE WORLD PEACE
- Lack of armed forces
- Use of the right to veto
- Dependent on self-discipline and cooperation of members states when imposing economic or military sanctions
- Reliant on the financial contributions of MDCs in United Nations
