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Biochemistry > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Matter?

A

anything that has mass and takes up space

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2
Q

Matter has multiple forms. What are they?

A

Gas, liquid and solid

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3
Q

what are the two types of cells?

A

Prokaryotic

&

Eukaryotic

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4
Q

Prokaryotic

A

cells that have no nucleus

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5
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Cells that have a nucleus

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6
Q

What is a Cell?

A

The smallest form of life

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7
Q

Atom

A

foundational unit of chemistry

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8
Q

Atomos

A

smallest unit not divided

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9
Q

Atomic Theory

A

The point where you can not break a substance to be smaller

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10
Q

Element

A

A pure substance of atom

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11
Q

Nucleus

A

Group of neurons in the central nervous system

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12
Q

Proton

A

has a positive charge

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13
Q

Electron

A

has a negative charge

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14
Q

Nuetron

A

has a neutral charge

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15
Q

Atomic Number

A

The number of protons or the positive charge

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16
Q

Where are Electrons located

A

on the outside of the atom

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17
Q

Wher are protons and neutrons located

A

on the core of the atom

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18
Q

How many elements occure naturally

A

92 the rest are man made

19
Q

Chemical symbol

A

The international symbol used for an element

20
Q

Scientific method

A

The standard for developing an educated thought

21
Q

Define the four steps of a scientific method

A

Hypothesis- an idea that describes or attempts to explain observable information

Experiment- controlled testing of a substance or system through carefully recorded testing

Develope a theory- result of thorough testing and confirmation of the hypothesis and predicts the outcome of new testing based on past data

Law- hypothesis that is tested time and time again with the same resulting data and thought to be without exception.

22
Q

Define the three forms of matter

A

Gases- shifting shape, shifting volume

Liquids- Shifiting shape, definite volume

Solids- definite shape, definite volume

23
Q

what changes a solid

A

must use force

24
Q

What changes a liquid

A

no force but heat causes evaporation

25
Q

What changes a gas

A

Heat will speed up the particles in gas

26
Q

What are the major elements

A

Oxygen

Hydrogen

Carbon

Nitrogen

27
Q

What are the minor elements

A

Calcium

Phosphorus

Potassium

Sulfur

Sodium

Chlorine

Magnesium

28
Q

Oxygen

(O)

A

Necessary for cellular energy

Main element in animal

important component in water

29
Q

Carbon

(C)

A

organic compounds

ex carbohydrates, protiens

every carbon has a hydrogen element

30
Q

Hydrogen

(H)

A

Necessary for energy transfer

when stripped of electron only has a positive charge left

31
Q

Nitrogen

(N)

A

main component of protien

vital to build and break down protiens in our bodies

32
Q

What is DNA/RNA

A

Nucleic acids

33
Q

Calcium

(Ca)

A

Bones, teeth and muscle contractions

need for blood clotting

34
Q

Phosphorus

(P)

A

Backbone of nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)

Need for bones

Need for the lipid bi-layer of the cell

35
Q

Potassium

(K)

A

Need to be an electrolyte

(positive ion within the cells)

Need for nerve function

36
Q

Sulfur

(S)

A

Stabalizes Proteins

37
Q

Sodium

(Na)

A

Main component of salt in our body

Positive ion

38
Q

Chlorine

(Cl)

A

Negtive ion

39
Q

Magnesium

A

Component for many energy transferring enzymes

40
Q

Density

A

The tightness of particles

41
Q

What happens wen you take away an electron or neutron form an element

A

changes the charge of the element

42
Q

What happens when you take away a proton from an element

A

changes the element

43
Q

Subatomic

A

particles called protons, nuetrons and electrons

Biochemistry (13 decks)

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