Chapter 2 (01/19/23) Flashcards
Who was Rene Descartes?
A philosopher who grappled with ideas of mind-body dualism (the idea that the mind and body are separate entities. this is no longer a popular scientific model
Who was Andreas Vesalius?
Dude who oversaw l’homme drawings (detailed sketches of nervous system in 17th c)
Talk to me about evolution of life.
Life created spontaneously and is self-assembling and replicating. Life first formed 3.8 billion yrs ago and then eukaryotes (cell which all plants, animals and fungi are) form until life gets increasingly multicellular/complex. 600 mil yrs ago fish evolve then plants → amphibians → dinosaurs → birds → flowering plants → bees → homo sapiens
Why are worms important for neuroscience?
They were first organism to have entire nervous system deconstructed (have 302 neurons). They also seek out mates, find food, have LT memory and share many genes and NTs with humans
Break down the basic structure of the vertebrate brain
Forebrain → midbrain → hindbrain → spinal cord
hindbrain= coordinates movement, controls the body’s vital functions such as respiration and heart rate
midbrain= vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation
Who was Luigi Galvani?
Discovered “animal electricity” when touched statically charged object to frog muscle the muscle twitched because of internal electricity
Who were Camillo Golgi and Santiago Ramon y Cajal?
(primarily golgi) developed a way to stain cells to study structure of a neuron. this discovery led them to develop very different theories on how neurons communicate but cajal’s neuron theory was correct (nervous system made up of microscopic cells- neurons- which are independent but communicate thru complex patters)
Whats the anatomic lingo to discuss cranial shit and sections? & what does it mean
dorsal= towards top
medial= towards center
lateral= side
posterior= tail, rear
anterior= front
ventral= down
SECTIONS
Frontal or coronal= perpendicular cut thru anterior/posterior part of brain
sagittal= perpendicular cut where plane of cut is thru the 2 hemispheres
What is the brainstem made up of?
Diencephalon: thalamus (gate for visual and somatosensory experience), hypothalamus
Midbrain: superior colliculus, inferior colliculus
Hindbrain: pons, medulla
Cerebellum
Tell me how blood relates to brain function.
Brain requires a robust supply of blood to deliver cellular fuel
Three major arteries carry blood to cerebral cortex
Anterior, middle andposterior cerebral arteries
What is the Dura mater?
The thick protective skin over the brain.
