Chapter 19.1 Flashcards
general function of heart
circulate blood throughout the body to meet the changing needs of body cells
healthy cells
- continous delivery of oxygen + nutrients
- removal of carbon dioxide + other waste products
perfusion
blood circulation
delivery of blood per unit time per gram of tissue (mL/min/g)
blood vessels
conduits of the cardiovascular system hat transport blood throughout the body
includes arteries, capillaries, and veins
arteries
transports blood away from the body
veins
transports blood towards the body
capillaries
site of exchange between the blood and systemic cells in the body
oxygenated blood
high in oxygen
low in carbon dioxide
deoxygenated blood
low in oxygen
high in carbon dioxide
3 anatomic features of heart
two sides of heart, great vessels, two sets of valves
two sides of heart
right side:
- right atrium: receives deoxygenated blood from the body
- right ventricle: pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
left side:
- left atrium: receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
- left ventricle: pumps oxygenated blood to the body
atrium
receiving chamber
ventricle
pumping chamber
great vessels
large arteries + veins that are directly attached to the heart
arteries (atrerial trunks)
transport blood away from the heart
pulmonary trunk: transport from right ventricle
aorta: transports from left ventricle
veins
transport blood toward the heart
vena cavae (SVC + IVC): drain into right atrium
pulmonary veins: drain into left atrium
valves
prevent backflow to ensure one way blood flow
atrioventricular (AV) valve
right AV valve (tricuspid valve): between right atrium and right ventricle
left AV valve (bicuspid pr mitral valve): between left atrium and left ventricle
semilunar valves
mark boundary between ventricle + its associated arterial trunk
pulmonary semilunar valve: between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
aortic semilunar valve: between left ventricle and aorta
pulmonary circulation
Vena cava → right atrium → right atrioventricular valve → right ventricle → pulmonary semilunar valve → pulmonary artery right and left (to both lungs) → right and left pulmonary veins → left atrium
systemic circulation
Lungs → left atrium → left AV valve (mitral or bicuspid) → left ventricle → aortic semilunar valve → aorta → body → vena cava → right atrium
overall pattern of blood flow
Right side of heart → lungs → left side of heart →systemic cells
