Chapter 19.1

Question 1

general function of heart

Answer 1

circulate blood throughout the body to meet the changing needs of body cells

Question 2

healthy cells

Answer 2

1. continous delivery of oxygen + nutrients
2. removal of carbon dioxide + other waste products

Question 3

perfusion

Answer 3

blood circulation
delivery of blood per unit time per gram of tissue (mL/min/g)

Question 4

blood vessels

Answer 4

conduits of the cardiovascular system hat transport blood throughout the body
includes arteries, capillaries, and veins

Question 5

arteries

Answer 5

transports blood away from the body

Question 6

veins

Answer 6

transports blood towards the body

Question 7

capillaries

Answer 7

site of exchange between the blood and systemic cells in the body

Question 8

oxygenated blood

Answer 8

high in oxygen
low in carbon dioxide

Question 9

deoxygenated blood

Answer 9

low in oxygen
high in carbon dioxide

Question 10

3 anatomic features of heart

Answer 10

two sides of heart, great vessels, two sets of valves

Question 11

two sides of heart

Answer 11

right side:
- right atrium: receives deoxygenated blood from the body
- right ventricle: pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

left side:
- left atrium: receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
- left ventricle: pumps oxygenated blood to the body

Question 12

atrium

Answer 12

receiving chamber

Question 13

ventricle

Answer 13

pumping chamber

Question 14

great vessels

Answer 14

large arteries + veins that are directly attached to the heart

Question 15

arteries (atrerial trunks)

Answer 15

transport blood away from the heart

pulmonary trunk: transport from right ventricle

aorta: transports from left ventricle

Question 16

veins

Answer 16

transport blood toward the heart

vena cavae (SVC + IVC): drain into right atrium

pulmonary veins: drain into left atrium

Question 17

valves

Answer 17

prevent backflow to ensure one way blood flow

Question 18

atrioventricular (AV) valve

Answer 18

right AV valve (tricuspid valve): between right atrium and right ventricle

left AV valve (bicuspid pr mitral valve): between left atrium and left ventricle

Question 19

semilunar valves

Answer 19

mark boundary between ventricle + its associated arterial trunk

pulmonary semilunar valve: between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

aortic semilunar valve: between left ventricle and aorta

Question 20

pulmonary circulation

Answer 20

Vena cava → right atrium → right atrioventricular valve → right ventricle → pulmonary semilunar valve → pulmonary artery right and left (to both lungs) → right and left pulmonary veins → left atrium

Question 21

systemic circulation

Answer 21

Lungs → left atrium → left AV valve (mitral or bicuspid) → left ventricle → aortic semilunar valve → aorta → body → vena cava → right atrium

Question 22

overall pattern of blood flow

Answer 22

Right side of heart → lungs → left side of heart →systemic cells