Chapter 19 Vocab

Question 0

Hong Xiuquan

Answer 0

Chinese religious leader who sparked the taiping uprising and won millions to his unique form of Christianity

Question 1

Daimyo

Answer 1

Feudal lords of Japan who retained substances autonomy under the Tokugawa shogunate

Question 2

Informal empire

Answer 2

Term commonly used to describe areas that were dominated by western powers in the 19 the century but that retained their own governments

Question 3

Meiji restoration

Answer 3

The overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan in 1868

Question 4

Matthew Perry

Answer 4

US navy commodore who in 1853 presented the ultimatum that led Japan to open itself to more normal relations with the outside world

Question 5

Opium Wars

Answer 5

2 wars fought between western powers and China

Question 6

Russo-Japanese War

Answer 6

Ending in a Japanese victory, this war established Japan as a formidable military competitor in East Asia

Question 7

Samurai

Answer 7

Armed retainers of the Japanese feudal lords

Question 8

Self-strengthening movement

Answer 8

China’s program of internal reform in the 1860’s and 1870’s

Question 9

Selim III

Answer 9

Ottoman sultan who attempted significant reforms of his empire

Question 10

“The sick man of Europe”

Answer 10

Western Europe’s unkind nickname for the Ottoman Empire in the 19th and early 20th centuries

Question 11

Social Darwinism

Answer 11

An application of the concept of “survival of the fittest” to human history in the 19th centuries

Question 12

Taiping Uprising

Answer 12

Massive Chinese rebellion that debated much of the country between 1850 and 1864

Question 13

Tanzimat reforms

Answer 13

Important reform measures undertaken in the Ottoman Empire beginning in 1839

Question 14

Tokugawa shogunate

Answer 14

Rulers of Japan from 1600 to 1868

Question 15

Unequal treaties

Answer 15

Series of 19th century treaties in which China made major concessions to western powers

Question 16

Young Ottomans

Answer 16

Groups of would be reforms in the mid nineteenth century Ottoman Empire that included lower- level officials

Question 17

Young Turks

Answer 17

Movement of Turkish military and civilian elites that developed

Question 18

Abd al-Hamid II

Answer 18

Ottoman sultan who accepted a reform constitution but then quickly suppressed it, ruling as a reactionary autocrat for the rest of his long reign

Question 19

Boxer Rebellion

Answer 19

Rising of Chinese militia organizations in 1900 in which large numbers of European and Chinese christmas were killed

Question 20

China 1911

Answer 20

The collapse of China’s imperial order officially at the hands of organized revolutionaries but for the most part under the weight of the troubles that had overwhelmed the government for the previous half century