Chapter 19 - The Cardiovascular System Flashcards
ANEMIA
A condition in which the amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the body is less than normal.
Symptoms may include dizziness, shortness of breath, skin pallor, lightheadedness, fatigue, and fast heartbeat.
ANGINA PECTORIS
Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort
ARRYTHMIA
Irregular heartbeat
ARTERY
Vessel that carries blood away from the heart
CAPILLARIES
Tiny blood vessels in which the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs between blood and cells.
CARDIOMYOPATHY
A weakening of the heart muscle due to enlargement or thickening, which reduces the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively.
CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE (CHF)
A condition in which the heart muscle is damaged and fails to pump effectively
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD)
A condition in which the coronary arteries become damaged and narrow over time, causing chest pain and other symptoms.
DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS (DVT)
A condition in which a blood clot forms in a large vein in the body, most often in the leg.
DIASTOLE
Phase when the heart muscle relaxes
ELASTIC STOCKINGS
Used to prevent swelling and blood clots and to promote circulation.
Keywords: compression, antiembolic
HEART
Four-chambered pump that is responsible for the flow of blood in the body.
HYPOXIA
A condition in which the body does not receive enough oxygen.
ISCHEMIA
A lack of blood supply to an area.
MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA
A condition in which the heart muscle does not receive enough blood and lacks oxygen; can cause angina pectoris.
NITROGYLCERIN
Medication that relaxes the walls of the coronary arteries.
OCCLUSION
Complete obstruction of a blood vessel.
ORTHOPNEA
Shortness of breath when lying down that is relieved by sitting up.
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE (PVD)
A condition in which the legs, feet, and arms do not have enough circulation.
PHLEBITIS
Inflammation of the veins, usually in the lower extremities.
PULMONARY EDEMA
A condition in which there is an accumulation of fluid in the lungs, usually due to heart failure.
PULMONARY EMBOLISM (PE)
A blockage in the pulmonary artery, usually by a blood clot.
SEQUENTIAL COMPRESSION DEVICE (SCD)
A plastic, air-filled sleeve that is placed around the leg and inflates and deflates regularly to help improve circulation, reduce fluid buildup, and prevent blood clots.
STABLE ANGINA
Chest pain that occurs when a person is active or under severe stress.
SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST
A serious, often fatal condition in which there is a loss of heart function, breathing, and consciousness.
SYSTOLE
Phase where the heart is at work, contracting and pushing blood out of the left ventricle.
THROMBUS
A blood clot in a blood vessel.
UNSTABLE ANGINA
Chest pain that occurs when a person is at rest and not exerting himself or herself.
VEIN
Vessel that carries blood to the heart.
VENTRICLES
The lower two chambers of the heart.
