Chapter 19 - The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

ANEMIA

Answer 1

A condition in which the amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the body is less than normal.

Symptoms may include dizziness, shortness of breath, skin pallor, lightheadedness, fatigue, and fast heartbeat.

Question 2

ANGINA PECTORIS

Answer 2

Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort

Question 3

ARRYTHMIA

Answer 3

Irregular heartbeat

Question 4

ARTERY

Answer 4

Vessel that carries blood away from the heart

Question 5

CAPILLARIES

Answer 5

Tiny blood vessels in which the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs between blood and cells.

Question 6

CARDIOMYOPATHY

Answer 6

A weakening of the heart muscle due to enlargement or thickening, which reduces the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively.

Question 7

CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE (CHF)

Answer 7

A condition in which the heart muscle is damaged and fails to pump effectively

Question 8

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD)

Answer 8

A condition in which the coronary arteries become damaged and narrow over time, causing chest pain and other symptoms.

Question 9

DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS (DVT)

Answer 9

A condition in which a blood clot forms in a large vein in the body, most often in the leg.

Question 10

DIASTOLE

Answer 10

Phase when the heart muscle relaxes

Question 11

ELASTIC STOCKINGS

Answer 11

Used to prevent swelling and blood clots and to promote circulation.

Keywords: compression, antiembolic

Question 12

HEART

Answer 12

Four-chambered pump that is responsible for the flow of blood in the body.

Question 13

HYPOXIA

Answer 13

A condition in which the body does not receive enough oxygen.

Question 14

ISCHEMIA

Answer 14

A lack of blood supply to an area.

Question 15

MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA

Answer 15

A condition in which the heart muscle does not receive enough blood and lacks oxygen; can cause angina pectoris.

Question 16

NITROGYLCERIN

Answer 16

Medication that relaxes the walls of the coronary arteries.

Question 17

OCCLUSION

Answer 17

Complete obstruction of a blood vessel.

Question 18

ORTHOPNEA

Answer 18

Shortness of breath when lying down that is relieved by sitting up.

Question 19

PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE (PVD)

Answer 19

A condition in which the legs, feet, and arms do not have enough circulation.

Question 20

PHLEBITIS

Answer 20

Inflammation of the veins, usually in the lower extremities.

Question 21

PULMONARY EDEMA

Answer 21

A condition in which there is an accumulation of fluid in the lungs, usually due to heart failure.

Question 22

PULMONARY EMBOLISM (PE)

Answer 22

A blockage in the pulmonary artery, usually by a blood clot.

Question 23

SEQUENTIAL COMPRESSION DEVICE (SCD)

Answer 23

A plastic, air-filled sleeve that is placed around the leg and inflates and deflates regularly to help improve circulation, reduce fluid buildup, and prevent blood clots.

Question 24

STABLE ANGINA

Answer 24

Chest pain that occurs when a person is active or under severe stress.

Question 25

SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST

Answer 25

A serious, often fatal condition in which there is a loss of heart function, breathing, and consciousness.

Question 26

SYSTOLE

Answer 26

Phase where the heart is at work, contracting and pushing blood out of the left ventricle.

Question 27

THROMBUS

Answer 27

A blood clot in a blood vessel.

Question 28

UNSTABLE ANGINA

Answer 28

Chest pain that occurs when a person is at rest and not exerting himself or herself.

Question 29

VEIN

Answer 29

Vessel that carries blood to the heart.

Question 30

VENTRICLES

Answer 30

The lower two chambers of the heart.