Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CHEM 441A+B > Chapter 19: Metabolic Integration > Flashcards

Chapter 19: Metabolic Integration Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the specialized metabolic functions of the stomach?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the specialized metabolic functions of intestines?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the specialized metabolic functions of the pancreas?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the specialized metabolic functions of the liver?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the specialized metabolic functions of adipose tissue?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the specialized metabolic functions of muscle?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the specialized metabolic functions of the brain

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the specialized metabolic functions of the kidneys?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the ideal glucose level in blood?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Know how insulin and glucagon work to maintain homeostasis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Know the cells that release these hormones.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which cells do insulin and glucagon act on? What do their signaling promote/downregulate? What specific enzymes are targeted?

A

Liver:
Insulin - stimulates uptake of glucose by increasing flux
Glucagon - Stimulates glucose export through degredation rxns

Skeletal muscle:
Insulin - Stimulates glucose uptake by increasing GLUT4 protein
Glucagon - N/A

Adipose:
Insulin - Stimulates glucose uptake by increasing GLUT 4 increasing FA synth and leading to TAG storage in adipocytes
Glucagon - Stimulates FA export by activating TAG hydrolysis

Brain:
Insulin - Stimulates neutral signaling to hypothalamus to decrease eating and increase energy expenditure
Glucagon - N/A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the difference between Type I and Type II diabetes?

A

TI:
- Early in life
- Autoimmune destroys beta cells
- Insulin injections

TII:
- Insulin resistant diabetes
- Older people
- Defective response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is insulin resistance?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is metabolic flux similar to prolonged starvation and diabetes?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why are ketone bodies overproduced during starvation? In cases of diabetes why can excess ketone bodies be harmful?

A
  • Ketone produced as acetyl-CoA concentration rises due to lack of citric acid cycle intermediates(OAA)

-

17
Q

What are the long term effects of elevated blood glucose levels?

A
  • Proteins become glycated leading to ineffective hemoglobin (seen in extremities of diabetes)
  • Increased risk of cardiovascular disease, Renal failure, damage in small vessels + nerves
18
Q

How will you test blood glucose levels?

A

CHEM 441A+B (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions