Chapter 19: Language and Lateralization Flashcards
Distinguish between communication and language.
Communication: Information transfer between two individuals.
Language: The most sophisticated FORM of communication, in which a set of arbitrary sounds, tokens, or symbols can be arranged according to a grammar in order to convey an almost limitless variety
of concepts.
Describe experimental techniques for studying the left and right hemispheres independently of one another.
Usually compare split brained individuals to non-split brained ones. The then tend to test through sensory stimulation - mainly visual and auditory.
That’s because researchers have devised clever procedures for directing auditory or visual stimuli mostly to one hemisphere or the other and then inferring hemispheric specializations from the behavioral responses made by the participants.
Summarize the apparent cognitive specializations of each hemisphere as revealed by behavioral testing.
- Split-brain individuals could easily read and
verbally communicate words projected to the
left hemisphere (via the right visual field), but
no such linguistic capabilities were evident
when the words were directed to the right
hemisphere. - a picture of a key might be projected to the left visual field and so reach only the right cortex. The individuals would then be asked to touch several different objects that they could not see and hold up the correct one. Such a task could be performed correctly by the left hand (controlled by the right hemisphere) but not by the right hand (controlled by the left hemisphere).
What is a split brain individual?
An individual whose Corpus Callosum has been severed, halting communication between the right and left hemispheres. (Usually due to surgery for a last resort treatment for a specific type of severe epilepsy)
What is it called when people are born either partially or totally lacking a corpus callosum?
Corpus Agenesis.
What is it called when people are born either partially or totally lacking a corpus callosum?
Corpus Agenesis.
What is it called when people are born either partially or totally lacking a corpus callosum?
Corpus Agenesis.
What is Dichotic Presentation?
The simultaneous delivery of different stimuli to
the right and the left ears.
What’s the Right-Ear Advantage?
Right-handed persons identify verbal stimuli delivered to the right ear more accurately than verbal stimuli simultaneously presented to the left ear.
True or False: All left handed people only show a Right-Ear advantage.
False: 50% of left-handed people reveal a reverse pattern, showing a left-ear advantage—more accurate performance for verbal stimuli delivered to the left ear.
How do we measure prioritized simultaneous listening?
With Dichotic Presentation: The simultaneous delivery of different stimuli to the right and the left ears.
