Chapter 19 (Exam 3) Flashcards
Posteriorly, the labia minor meets as two ridges that fuse to form the A. Fourchette B. Vulva C. Clitoris D. Perineum E. Perineal body
A. Fourchette
What structures are located at the 5 o'clock and 7 o'clock positions of the vaginal orifice and open onto the sides of the vestibule in the groove between the labia minor and the hymen? A. Skene glands B. Perineal bodies C. Labia majora D. Bartholin glands E. Labia minora
D. Bartholin glands
During sexual excitement, how is the vaginal Introits lubricated? A. Bartholin glands secrete mucus B. Clitoris produces moisture C. Skene glands secrete fluid D. Urethral surfaces secrete water E. Hymen secretes mucus
A. Bartholin glands secrete mucus
The opening of the cervix is referred to as the A. introitus B. pouch of Douglas C. Cervical isthmus D. Cervical os E. Anterior fornix
D. Cervical os
The vaginal mucosa of a woman of childbearing years should appear A. Transversely rugated B. Moist and excoriated C. Dry and papular D. Smooth and pink E. Moist with vertical ridges
A. Transversely rugated
Between puberty and menopause, the vagina is transversely rugated; after menopause, it loses its rugation.
The adnexa of the uterus are composed of the A. Corpus and cervix B. Fallopian tubes and ovaries C. Uterosacral and broad ligaments D. Round ligaments and ovaries E. Vagina and fundus
B. Fallopian tubes and ovaries
During ovulation, the cervical mucus becomes more A. Scant B. Bloody C. Yellow D. Stringy E. Odorous
D. Stringy
During ovulation the cervical mucus is increased and is stringy and elastic (spinnbarkeit)
The pelvic joint that separates most appreciably during late pregnancy is the A. Sacroiliac B. Symphysis pubis C. Sacrococcygeal D. Iliofemoral E. Sacrosciatic notch
B. Symphysis pubis
Pregnancy-related cervical changes include A. Flattening and lengthening B. Thinning and reddening C. Hardening and pallor D. Shortening and reddening E. Softening and bluish coloring
E. Softening and bluish coloring
During pregnancy, the cervix softens (Goodell sign) and then appears bluish (Chadwick sign).
The conventional definition of menopause is
A. 3 months with no menses
B. 1 year with no menses
C. 6 months of progressively shorter menses
D. 3 consecutive anovulatory cycles
E. The cessation of ovulation
B. 1 year with no menses
Which systemic feature is related to the effects of menopause?
A. Increased intrabdominal fat deposition
B. Decreased LDL levels
C. Cold intolerant
D. Decreased cholesterol levels
E. Decreased risk of cardiovascular disease
A. Increased intrabdominal fat deposition
Systemic effects of menopause include increased intraabdominal body fat, increased LDL and cholesterol levels, and hot flashes.
Which factor is associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer? A. Endometriosis B. Low parity C. HPV vaccination D. High socioeconomic status E. Early parity
E. Early parity
Women who were younger than 17 years when they had their first full-term pregnancy are almost 2 times more likely to get cervical cancer later in life than women who were not pregnant until they were 25 years or older.
The risk of ovarian cancer is increased by a history of A. Low-fat diet B. Cigarette smoking C. Age between 35 and 50 D. Thin body habitus E. Nulliparity
E. nulliparity
There is a relationship between nulliparity and an increased risk of ovarian cancer. Although the risk increases with age, most ovarian cancers develop after menopause; half are found in women older than 63 years. The other choices have no relationship with ovarian cancer.
The form of gynecologic cancer that is increased in women who have taken tamoxifen is A. Vaginal B. Cervical C. Ovarian D. Endometrial E. Perineal skin
D. Endometrial
Tamoxifen is an antiestrogen drug that acts like an estrogen in the uterus.
The mother of an 8y/o reports that she has recently noticed a discharge stain on her daughter's underwear. Both the mother and daughter appear nervous and concerned. You would need to ask questions to assess the child's A. Drug ingestion B. Fluid intake C. Risk for sexual abuse D. Hormone responsiveness E. Fat intake
C. Risk for sexual abuse
Vaginal discharge in a child could be related to a chemical irritation from soaps, lotions, or powders or to urinary tract infections. Concerned parents or children should be assessed for the risk of sexual abuse.
When you enter the exam room of a patient who is scheduled for a pelvic exam, you note that she seems very anxious. You should
A. Tell her there is nothing to be afraid of
B. Try to determine the source of anxiety
C. Avoid eye contact
D. Proceed as though nothing is wrong
E. Reschedule for another time
B. Try to determine the source of anxiety
The female patient should ideally be in which position for the pelvic exam? A. Fowler B. Prone C. Lateral-supine D. Lithotomy E. Trendelenburg
D. Lithotomy
During a pelvic exam, you ask the patient to perform the valsalva maneuver while you observe for bulging and urinary incontinence, to test for the presence of A. Cystocele B. Rectocele C. Vaginal prolapse D. Rectal prolapse E. Hymenal remnants
A. Cystocele
When you plan to obtain cytologic studies, speculum introduction may be facilitated by A. Valsalva maneuver B. Lubrication with warm water C. Use of plastic speculum D. Opening the blades completely E. Lubrication with gel
B. Lubrication with warm water
It is generally thought that gel lubrication may interfere with cytologic studies; therefore, most clinicians lubricate the speculum with warm water.
Which of the following findings indicates a possible gonococcal infection?
A. Vaginal prolapse
B. Discharge from urethra or Skene glands
C. Irregular urethral orifice in midline
D. Irregular vaginal edges at introitus
E. Bulging of anterior or posterior vaginal wall
B. Discharge from urethra or Skene glands