Chapter 19 Enterobacteriaceae Flashcards

Exam 3

1
Q

What are the general characteristics of Enterobacteriaceae?

A

Ferment glucose
Reduce nitrate to nitrites
Oxidase negative

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1
Q

What is the morphology of Enterobacteriaceae

A

Gram-negative coccobacilli or straight rods

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2
Q

True or false. Enterobacteriaceae is facultatively anaerobic

A

True

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3
Q

What is the macroscopic morphology of Enterobacteriaceae

A

Large moist, gray colonies

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4
Q

Bile salts and crystal violet inhibit gram-positive
It is selective and differential
Lactose fermentation is differential
What agar plate is this?

A

MacConkey MAC agar

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5
Q

Selective and differential
Methylene blue inhibits gram-positive
Lactose and sucrose fermentation is differential
What agar plate is this?

A

Eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar

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6
Q

Selective and differential
Bile salts inhibit gram-positive, some gram-negative
Lactose and sucrose fermentation is differential
What agar plate is this?

A

Hektoen enteric (HE)

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7
Q

Green to blue color with H2S gas creating a black ppt is what type of enterobacteria

A

Salmonella on HE agar

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8
Q

Green to blue green color is what type of enterobacteria

A

Shigella on HE agar plate

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9
Q

Selective and differential
Has Sodium Deoxycholate
What type of agar plate is this?

A

Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar

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10
Q

Sodium Deoxycholate does what

A

Inhibits gram-positive and some gram-negative

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11
Q

On the XLD agar plates, Escherichia coli and Citrobacter will produce what kind of colonies?

A

Yellow colonies

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12
Q

Yellow colonies on the XLD agar means that fermenters of those not producing what?

A

lysine decarboxylase

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13
Q

On XLD agar what kind of colonies will shigella produced?

A

Colorless or red colonies

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14
Q

On XLD agar what colonies will Salmonella will produced

A

Red colonies with black centers

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15
Q

What does adherence mean?

A

Prevent being removed from tissues

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16
Q

Enterobacteriaceae has what type of antigens?

A

O antigen
H antigen
K antigen

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17
Q

Where is the O antigen located at?

A

In the cell wall and it is the heat stable antigen

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18
Q

H antigen is the what type of antigen?

A

Flagellar and it is heat stable

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19
Q

K antigen is what type of antigen

A

Capsular antigen which is heat labile

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20
Q

Dry pink colonies
Beta-hemolysis on blood agar plate (BAP)
Motile
Possess adhesive fimbriae and sex pili
Possess O, H, K antigen
is what type of Enterobacteriaceae

A

E.coli

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21
Q

What is the most common cause of UTIs?

A

Uropathogenic E.coli

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22
Q

Uropathogenic E.coli usually originate from where?

A

In the large intestine as normal flora

23
Q

What can cytolysins do

A

Kill immune cells and inhibit phagocytosis

24
Klebsiella belong to what tribe
Klebsielleae
25
Where can the tribe members be found at
In the intestinal tract of humans and animals, in soil, water, and plants
26
Klebsiella pneimoniae can be in the
lower respiratory tract infection of hospitalized patients
27
What is the virulence factor of klebsiella pneumoniae
polysaccharide capsule
28
A documented pathogen causing meningitis and bacteremia in neonates from powdered infant formula
Cronobacter sakazakii
29
Opportunistic pathogens associated with outbreaks in health care settings
serratia species
30
What species is this of Serratia Pink-to-red pigment when growing at room temp Usually most clinically relevant Nosocomial infections of the Urinary tract, respiratory tract, and bacteremia
S. marcescens
31
What type of species of Serratia is this? Dirty, musty odor resembling that of rotten potatoes
S. odorifera
32
What type of bacteria is this? Linked to gastroenteritis and occasionally isolated from stool cultures
Hafnia alvei
33
P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris generally produce swarming on what type of laboratory media. What kind of smell is produce
Burnt chocolate odor
34
What Morganella species can cause UTI species, is a possible agent of diarrheal disease and cause of neonatal sepsis
M. morganii
35
P.rettgeri can cause what type of outbreaks
Urinary tract pathogen and occasionally nosocomial outbreaks
36
What is the most common citrobacter species
C. freundii
37
What are three major clinical types of plesiomonas that cause gastroenteritis
Watery or secretory diarrhea Chronic disease that lasts from 14 days to 2-3 months Resembles colitis
38
True of false- Plesiomonas is oxidase positive
True
39
Is direct microscopic examination helpful in differentiating the species of enterobacteriaceae?
No it is not very helpful
40
41
Characterized by prolonged fever and intermittent bacteremia
Nontyphoidal bacteremia
42
This type of bacteria appear clear, colorless, nonlactose-fermenting on MAC and on HE or XLD and does not produce H2S
Shigella
43
Lack H antigens, has K antigen and O antigens are separated by serologic grouping A through D
Shigella
44
Most serious infection (developing countries) is what type of shigella species
S. dysenteriaae group A
45
Second most common isolate in the United States is what type of shigella species
S. flexneri Group B
46
This type of shigella is more common in developing countries
S. boydii (Group C)
47
This type of shigella is most common isolate in the United States
S. sonnei Group D
48
Shigella dysentery invade what type of tissues?
Colonic tissues
49
What is the causative agent of plague?
Y. pestis
50
Gram-negative coccobacilli resembling a safety pin appearance (bipolar staining)
Yersinia pestis
51
This type of yersinia can be acquired from contact with swine, cats, and dogs.
Yersinia enterocolytica
52
Gram-negative coccobacilli appearance (bipolar staining)
Y. enterocolytica
53
This type of yersinia is the primary pathogen of rodents, farm animals, and birds
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
54
This type of media contains antimicrobials or chemicals
selective media
55
This media allows differentiation of bacterial species based on colony morphology
Differential media
56