Chapter 19

Question 1

1. compared with the inside of the cell, the outside of most cell membranes is:
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Equal
D. None of the above

Answer 1

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Question 2

2. The difference in electrical charge across a plasma membrane is called:
A. Depolarization
B. Membrane potential
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above

Answer 2

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Question 3

3. A neuron's resting membrane potential is:
A. 70mV
B. -70mV
C. 30mV
D. -30mV

Answer 3

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Question 4

4. Which of the following statements is true concerning the sodium-potassium pump?

A. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every two potassium ions pumped into the neuron

B. Two sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every three potassium ions pumped into the neuron

C. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every three chloride ions pumped into the neuron

D. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every three potassium ions pumped into the neuron

Answer 4

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Question 5

TRUE OR FALSE

5. ___________ A membrane that exhibits a membrane potential is said to be polarized.

Answer 5

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Question 6

TRUE OR FALSE
6._________ A slight shift away from the resting membrane potential in a specific region of the plasma membrane is often called a stimulus-gated channel

Answer 6

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Question 7

TRUE OR FALSE

7. ________Chlorine ions (Cl-) are the dominant extracellular cations.

Answer 7

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Question 8

8. During a relative refractory period:

A. An action potential is impossible
B. An action potential is possible only in response to a very strong stimuli
C. An action potential is occurring
D. None of the above

Answer 8

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Question 9

9. Voltage-gated channels are:

A. Membrane channels that close during voltage fluctuations
B. Ion channels that ope in response to voltage fluctuations
C. Membrane channels that are altered from an extremely high stimulus
D. None of the above

Answer 9

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Question 10

10. When current leaps across an insulating myelin sheath from node of Ranvier to node of Ranvier, the type of impulse conduction is:
A. Repolarization
B. Refraction
C. Saltatory conductions
D. Diffusion

Answer 10

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Question 11

11. The larger the diameter of a nerve fiber:
    A. The sower the speed of conduction
    B. The faster the speed of conduction
    C. Fiber diameter does not influence speed of conduction
    D. The more the speed fluctuates

Answer 11

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Question 12

TRUE OR FALSE

12. _____ action potential and nerve impulse are synonymous

Answer 12

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Question 13

TRUE OR FALSE

13. ______ When repolarization has occurred, an impulse cannot be conducted

Answer 13

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Question 14

TRUE OR FALSE

14. ________ The action potential is an all-or-none response

Answer 14

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Question 15

True or False
15. ________ Many anesthetics function by inhibiting the opening of sodium channels and thus blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses

Answer 15

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Question 16

16. Which of the following structures is not a main component of a chemical synapse?

A. Synaptic knob
B. Synaptic cleft
C. Synaptic process
D. Plasma membrane of postsynaptic neuron

Answer 16

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Question 17

17. A synaptic knob is located on the:

A. Synaptic cleft
B. Axon
C. Dendrite
D. Cell body

Answer 17

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Question 18

18. Which of the following is true of spatial summation?

A. Neurotransmitters released simultaneously from several presynaptic knobs converge on one postsynaptic neuron.
B. Simultaneous stimulation of more than one postsynaptic neuron occurs
C. Impulses are fired in a rapid succession by the same neuron
D. Speed of impulse transmission is increased when several neurotransmitters are released

Answer 18

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Question 19

True or False

19. _____ In an adult, the nervous system is replete with both electrical synapses and chemical synapses

Answer 19

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Question 20

True or False
20. ______ Rapid-succession stimulation of a postsynaptic neuron by a synaptic knob can have a cumulative effect over time that can result in an action potential

Answer 20

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Question 21

True or False

21. ______ Ca++ ions cause the release of neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft

Answer 21

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Question 22

22. Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse and bind to:
    A. Presynaptic terminals
    B. The synaptic cleft
    C. The base of the axon
    D. Receptors on the postsynaptic terminal

Answer 22

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Question 23

23. The main chemical classes of neurotransmitters include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Acetylcholine 
B. Norepinephrine
C. Amino acids
D. Amines

Answer 23

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Question 24

24. Which of the following is NOT an example of an amine neurotransmitter?
A. Serotonin
B. Histamine
C. Glycine
D. Dopamine

Answer 24

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Question 25

25. Severe depression can be caused by a deficit in which of the following neurotransmitters?
A. Acetylcholine 
B. Amino acids
C. Amines
D. Neuropeptides

Answer 25

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Question 26

26. Which of the following is NOT a catecholamine?
A. Epinephrine
B. Norepinephrine 
C. Dopamine
D. Serotonin

Answer 26

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