Chapter 19 Flashcards
What are subsidies?
Financial aid and land grants to companies that were willing to build this line
What would the Transcontinental Railroad do?
Connect the Atlantic and Pacific coasts
What railroad group worked eastward from Sacramento?
Center Pacific company
What railroad group worked westward from Omaha?
The Union Pacific company
The Central Pacific Railroad relied on workers that moved from what country?
Chinese immigrants
The Union Pacific Railroad relied on workers that moved from what country?
Ireland
What occurred on May 10, 1869?
Completed construction of the Transcontinental Railroad at Promontory Point
What was significant about the final spike in the Transcontinental Railroad?
It was the spike that joined the tracks
What did the American Railway Association do to our country in 1883?
Divides the country into 4 time zones
What were open ranges?
Land not fenced in or divided into lots
What were long drives?
To reach railroads in many states, ranchers had to drive their cattles hundreds of miles
What were three challenges that faced the American Cowboy?
Tough weather conditions, rustlers, and fighting off stampedes
What was passed by Congress in 1862 to encourage people to move to the Great Plains?
Homestead Act
How much land is an acre?
Size of a football field
What invention by John Deere allowed farmers to break through the tough Midwestern sod?
Steel plow
What was used to keep livestock in a contained area and to mark territory?
Bared wire
What Sioux chief didn’t want to sell the Black Hills area of the Dakotas to the US Gov’t?
Chief Sitting Bull
Who had his last stand at the Battle of Little Bighorn?
Crazy Horse
What was Chief Joseph’s famous quote about Native American attitudes at this time?
From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever.
Who was the last Native American to surrender in the Apache Wars?
Geronimo
What two things did the Dawes Act do?
Broke up reservations individually and removed tribal afflictions
What three ways were Native American students taught to assimilate in boarding schools?
Taught English, couldn’t use their native language and traditional names were replaced with European names
What caused the Wounded Knee Massacre?
Several hundred Lakota Sioux gathered at Wounded Knee Creek to mourn Sitting Bull’s death and a gun went off
What battle caused the end of armed conflict between the US and Indians?
Wounded Knee
