Chapter 19 Flashcards
Structural Isomers
- diff bonds
- diff formula
- diff name
Linkage structural isomer
rearranged atoms with different bonds
Coordination structural isomer
switched atom in coordination cmpd and counter ion
ex) [MASB]C and [MASC]B
Stereoisomers
- same bonds, diff orientations
- same formula
- diff name
Cis Geometric Stereoisomer
Same atoms on same side
Trans Geometric Stereoisomer
Same atoms on opp. side
Optical Stereoisomer
isomers are mirror images
Crystal field theory
considers d orbital orientations and covalent bonds to transition metals
eg plane (CFT)
electron density on axis
tg plane (CFT)
electron density between axes
- electron repulsions
Octahedral d-orbital diagram
- 90 degree
- ligands bond on axis
- t2g on lower E level, eg on higher E level
- refer to spectrochemical series for splitting E
Tetrahedral d-orbital diagram
- 109.5 degree
- ligands bond between axes
- eg on lower E level, t2g on higher E level
- small splitting energy
Square planar d-orbital diagram
- bonds lie on axes
- refer to physical flashcard for this
- large splitting E
When splitting E is small, would electrons rather be paired or promoted?
promoted
When splitting E is large, would electrons rather be paired or promoted?
paired
High spin
more unpaired electrons
Low spin
fewer unpaired electrons
paramagnetic
some unpaired electrons
diamagnetic
all electrons paired
What do electrons have to do with color?
- color emission results from electron transition between eg and t2g
- electrons absorb photons for promotion
Energy and Wavelength
E = hc / wavelength
