Chapter 19 Flashcards
Bacteria
Living or dead cells
Microbes require what to live and grow
Warmth, moisture, darkness, and some require oxygen
Non-pathogens
Do not cause infection/disease
Pathogen
Harmful microbes
Aspesis
Practice reducing or eliminating pathogens
Disinfecting
Destroys pathogens except spores
Cleaning
Reducing microbes, visible contaminates
Decontamination
Cleaning, disinfecting, sterilizing
Sterilization
Eliminating pathogens, including spores
Risk factor for infection
Age, nutrition, open wound
Multi drug-resistant organism
Resistant to more then one antibiotic
Vector
Insects, animals
Droplet
Large particles-sneeze
Airborne
Small particles, travel far on dust
Contact
Touch
Four moments of hand hygiene
Before initial contact
Before aseptic procedure
After body fluid exposure risk
After contact
Signs and symptoms of infection
Fever
Chills
Increase pulse
Rapid respiration
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Rash
Change in behaviour for older adults
Fatigue
Presence of dandruff and itchy scalp
Parasite
Live off another living organism
Fungi
Live on plants/animals
Virus
Infect living cells and take over
Three possible outcomes to exposure to pathogen
The immune system destroys the pathogen,
The immune system does not destroy the pathogen but infection does not develop,
Infection develops
Communicable phase
The time during the person is at risk of transferring the pathogen to others
Our protection against viruses happen
Virus mutating some protein, the proteins are recognized and you get over the virus faster
Isolation precautions
Are guidelines to prevent the spread of pathogens
Standard practice
Are guidelines to prevent the spread of infection
If gown gets wet
It put be replaced with clean one
Gloves should be worn
If you bite your fingernails
Standard practices are used
For all clients
Aseptic practices
Reduces the number of microbes
Hands should be washed for at least
15 to 20 seconds
Double bagging is necessary
When outside of the bag is contaminated
Gloves that can be reused after cleaning
Utility gloves
Mucous membrane
Lines and protects the inside of your body
Inside your nose, mouth, lungs, and other body parts exposed to air
Standard practices- Guildlines to prevent the spread of infection from the following
Blood
All body fluids
Non-intact skin
Mucous membranes
Easiest way to prevent infection from spreading is
Hand hygiene
Microbes grow in and live on
Grow well in warm, wet, dark places
Can live long on surfaces
So small can only be seen with microscope
Normal flora
Microorganisms that are found on skin, mucous membranes and can be beneficial
Antibiotics resistant infections
MRSA
VRE
CDIFF
MRSA
Methicillin resistant staph aureus
Not killed by most antibiotics
Skin
VRE
Vancymycin resistant enterococcus
Digestive tract
cDIFF
Clostridium-difficike
Serve duarrhea in patients taking antibiotics
With Gloves you must
Do hand hygiene prior and after putting them on
Wear anytime you may come in contact with body fluids, contaminated surfaces, wounds, or if u have cuts on your hands
One time use
Things to know about gowns
Protect your uniform
Must cover neck to knees
Inside is clean, outside is contaminated
One time use
Things to know about mask
Protect you from inhalation or contact with infectious agents, protect clients from infectious agents you may carry
Two kinds
Droplet distance
Less then 1 meter
Airborne distance
Longer then 1 meter
Contact diseases
C-diff
MRSA
VRE
Droplet diseases
Pneumonia
Flu
Mumps
Airborne diseases
Chicken pox
Tuberculosis
Measles
Covid
Vector
Insects
Pests
Vehicle
Contaminated sources
