Chapter 18 - Working with Windows 8/8.1

Question 1

What is malware?

Answer 1

Any software designed to disrupt or damage a system

Question 2

What is spyware?

Answer 2

Distributed without user intervention or knowledge, monitors activity on the network (*Keylogger is a type of spyware)

Question 3

What is a virus?

Answer 3

A software code that is deliberately created by an attacker. Viruses may collect sensitive information or may alter and destroy information

Question 4

What is a worm?

Answer 4

A piece of code that uses the network to replicate itself. Worms consume bandwidth on the network *You would notice that your network is slowing down

Question 5

What is a trogan?

Answer 5

A malicious software disguised as a legitimate program

Question 6

What is Rootkit?

Answer 6

A malicious program that gains full access to a computer program. Often a direct attack on a system using a vulnerability or password *Gets down to the root/basic level of a computer *Runs processes in the background=rootkit

Question 7

What is Ransomware?

Answer 7

Software that blocks access to a computer system until a sum of money is paid

Question 8

What are types of phishing?

Answer 8

Vishing- attacker uses phone calls to get information Spearfishing,- attack focused on a specific group of people
Whaling- An attacker focusing on a high profile individual such as CEOs

Question 9

What is Social Engineering?

Answer 9

Physically or verbally pretending to be someone else to gain access to information. *Done in person *Vishing is the verbal form of social engineering

Question 10

What is a DOS?

Answer 10

Denial of Service- Sending enough requests to overload a resource or even stopping its operation

Question 11

What is a DDOS?

Answer 11

Distributed DOS- An attack launched from many computers called zombies (is an infected computer) or botnets

Question 12

What are Zombies/Botnets?

Answer 12

Services controlled remotely or automatically without the user’s knowledge.

Question 13

What is Spoofing?

Answer 13

Uses a forged MAC or IP address to impersonate a trusted computer *Associated with MITM attack

Question 14

What is a MITM attack?

Answer 14

Man in the middle- Intercepting communication between computers to steal information transiting through the network

Question 15

What is DNS poisoning?

Answer 15

Changing DNS records to impostor servers

Question 16

What is a Zero-Day Virus/Attack?

Answer 16

A type of malware that is exclusive, resulting in panic and disarray to mitigate the issue.

Question 17

What is a Brute Force Attack?

Answer 17

A trial and error method used to gain access to certain data.

Question 18

What is a Dictionary Attack?

Answer 18

A type of brute force attack where dictionary words are used to generate a list of possible passwords.

Question 19

What is an RSA token?

Answer 19

Uses software on computer and uses a physical token

Question 20

What is SSO?

Answer 20

Single Sign-on- An access control method that allows for a single username and password to be used to access multiple accounts that use different usernames and passwords.

Question 21

What’s the difference between EFS and Bitlocker?

Answer 21

EFS encrypts files while Bitlocker encrypts your entire hard drive itself.

Question 22

What is a PII?

Answer 22

Personable Identifiable Information (PII)- Data that is hard to deny *Mother’s maiden name, address, etc
(PHI = Personal Health Information)