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Millwright Manual > Chapter 18 - Prime Movers > Flashcards

Chapter 18 - Prime Movers Flashcards

1
Q

Define prime mover

A

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2
Q

From where do internal-combustion engines derive their energy?

A

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3
Q

What sets Diesel engines apart from other internal combustion engines?

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4
Q

What are the two basic types of Diesel engines?

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5
Q

Describe naturally-aspirated and supercharged engines

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6
Q

What are the compression ratios for Diesel engines?

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7
Q

Describe compression-combustion

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8
Q

What are the methods of fuel injection?

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9
Q

How are gasoline engines similar Diesel engines

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10
Q

Describe how combustion is achieved with a gasoline engine

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11
Q

What are the compression ratios with gasoline engines and how does that alter their construction?

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12
Q

How is fuel supplied to gasoline engines?

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13
Q

Compare high-compression gas-burning engines to both diesel and gasoline engines

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14
Q

Describe the operating principles of four-stroke cycle Diesel engines

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15
Q

Describe the operating principles of two-stroke cycle diesel engines with and without blowers

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16
Q

Describe the purpose and operating principles of the following components:
- crankshaft and journal bearings

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17
Q

Describe the purpose and operating principles of the following components:
- flywheel

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18
Q

Describe the purpose and operating principles of the following components:
- connecting rod and piston assembly

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19
Q

Describe the purpose and operating principles of the following components:
- cylinder head and valve assembly

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20
Q

Describe the purpose and operating principles of the following components:
- camshaft with lifters and push rods

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21
Q

Describe the purpose and operating principles of the following components:
- engine block

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22
Q

Describe the purpose and operating principles of the following components:
- turbochargers

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23
Q

Compare the construction and components of two-stroke gasoline engines to two-stroke diesel engines

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24
Q

Compare superchargers to turbochargers

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25
What procedures are followed for preventative maintenance with internal combustion engines?
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26
What is the source of energy for a steam turbine?
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27
Define MPa and MW
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28
How is the energy in steam converted into electrical power in a turbine generator?
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29
How does temperature differential across a turbine affect its output?
-
30
Define the following: | - turbine
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31
Define the following: | - nozzles
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32
Define the following: | - steam chest
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33
Define the following: | - diaphragm
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34
Define the following: | - rotor
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35
Define the following: | - blade
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36
Define the following: | - stage
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37
Define the following: | - governor
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38
Define the following: | - extraction
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39
Define the following: | - condenser
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40
Describe the principles of operation of a steam turbine
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41
Describe axial flow and radial flow turbines
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42
Briefly describe back-pressure turbines and back-pressure/extraction turbines
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43
How does the extraction of steam affect the turbines output power?
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44
How is intermediate pressure process steam prevented from backing up into the turbine?
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45
Describe the operation of condensing turbines and extraction/condensing turbines
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46
List the rotating elements in turbines
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47
Describe the operating principles of impulse and reaction blades
-
48
How are the blades attached to the turbine shaft?
-
49
How are the turbine blades prevented from vibrating?
-
50
Describe the types and accuracy of the turbine bearings
-
51
How is the turbine joined to the driven machine?
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52
How is the flow of steam to the nozzles controlled, for more or less power, on a small mechanical turbine?
-
53
How do nozzles convert pressure energy to velocity energy?
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54
How are diaphragms fastened to the turbine casing and how is leakage controlled from one stage to the other?
-
55
Why are shaft seals important?
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56
List and briefly describe the seals used on turbine shafts
-
57
How is the shaft steam-seal system started up and maintained?
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58
Describe the operating principles of a condenser and hot well
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59
Why and how is the cooling water reused?
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60
How are control valves operated on a turbine?
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61
Describe each of the following: | - main stop valve
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62
Describe each of the following: | - exhaust valve
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63
Describe each of the following: | - throttle valves
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64
Describe each of the following: | - emergency trip valve activation
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65
Describe each of the following: | - governor valves
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66
Describe each of the following: | - extraction valves
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67
Describe each of the following: | - non-return valves on extraction lines
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68
List the various types of governors found on steam turbines
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69
Describe the operating principles of: | - mechanical governors
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70
Describe the operating principles of: | - mechanical-hydraulic governors
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71
Describe the operating principles of: | - hydraulic governors
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72
Describe the operating principles of: | - electronic and electro-hydraulic governors
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73
List the turbine auxiliary systems
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74
How is the main oil pump driven on a turbine-generator?
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75
What is the purpose of the auxiliary oil pump?
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76
How is the temperature of the oil going to the bearings controlled?
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77
What is the desired temperature range for oil leaving the bearings in a turbine-generator?
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78
What is the reason for turning a turbine-generator until completely cooled and how is this accomplished?
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79
What is the purpose of jacking pumps?
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80
How are jacking pumps used?
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81
What pre-start checks should be done on a turbine-generator?
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82
Describe the operating principles of a: | - gas turbine
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83
Describe the operating principles of a: | - simple open-cycle turbine
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84
Describe the operating principles of a: | - complex-cycle turbine
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85
Describe the operating principles of a: | - closed-cycle turbine
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86
Describe the operating principles of a: | - single-shaft turbine
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87
Describe the operating principles of a: | - two-shaft turbine
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88
What types of compressors are used with gas turbines and which type is more efficient?
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89
Briefly describe the following: | - combustor
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90
Briefly describe the following: | - igniter
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91
Briefly describe the following: | - atomizer or vaporizer
-
92
Briefly describe the following: | - flame tubes
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93
What stresses do gas turbines have to endure
-
94
How are the turbine blades cooled?
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95
How are the turbine blades shaped?
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96
Describe a radial inward-flow (centripetal) rotor turbine
-
97
What types of bearings and seals are used on gas turbines?
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98
List the protection systems on a gas turbine
-
99
Briefly describe the gas turbine governors and lubricating system
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100
List the pre-start checks for gas turbines
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101
What are the operating principles of electric motors?
-
102
How are electric motor frames constructed?
-
103
How are frame sizes classed and why is this important to a millwright?
-
104
Describe DC motor construction including field poles, armature assembly, commutator, brush holders, tension springs, brushes and bearings
-
105
Describe the design characteristics of the following DC motors: - series-connected field motors
-
106
Describe the design characteristics of the following DC motors: - shunt-connected field motors
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107
Describe the design characteristics of the following DC motors: - compound field motors
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108
Describe the design characteristics of the following DC motors: - permanent-magnet motors
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109
Describe the design characteristics of the following three-phase AC motors: - squirrel cage induction motors
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110
Describe the design characteristics of the following three-phase AC motors: - wound rotor motor
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111
Describe the design characteristics of the following three-phase AC motors: - synchronous motor
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112
Describe the design characteristics of the following single-phase AC motors: - split-phase motors
-
113
Describe the design characteristics of the following single-phase AC motors: - permanent-split capacitor motors
-
114
Describe the design characteristics of the following single-phase AC motors: - repulsion motors
-
115
List the information on the name plate and state it’s significance
-
116
What are the advantages and disadvantages of series-connected field motors?
-
117
What are the advantages and disadvantages of squirrel cage rotor motors?
-
118
What are the advantages and disadvantages of repulsion and repulsion-start motors?
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Millwright Manual (24 decks)

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