Chapter 18: Inheritence Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an allele?

A

Alternate forms of the same gene found on corresponding gene locus of homologous chromosomes

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2
Q

What is the difference between pheontype and genotype?

A

Pheontype is the expressed trait (physical trait) of an organism, genotype is the genetic make-up of an organism (combination of genes)

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3
Q

What does it mean when a trait is homozygous?

A

The 2 allels that control that trait are identical (PP or pp)

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4
Q

What does it mean when a trait is heterozygous?

A

The 2 alleles that control that trait are different (Pp)

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5
Q

What is the difference between complete and incomplete domincance?

A

Complete: The combination of the dominant and recessive allele expresses the trait of the dominant allele

Incomplete: The combination of the dominant and recessive allele expresses the traits of both alleles leaning more to the dominant phenotype

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6
Q

What is codominance?

A

Both alleles having an equal effect on the phenotype of the offspring

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7
Q

What are variations?

A

Differences in traits between individuals of the same species

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8
Q

What is the difference between discontinued and continued variation?

A

Discontinued variation is brought about by one or a few genes (blood type), while continued variation is brought about by the additive effect of many genes (skin tone)

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9
Q

What is a sex-linked gene?

A

A gene that is located on sex chromosomes

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10
Q

Which sex chromosome has more genes found on it?

A

X-chromosome

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11
Q

What are some X-linked disorders?

A

Red-green colourblindness, Muscular Distrophy

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