Chapter 18: Classification Flashcards
What is the science of classifying organisms called?
Taxonomy
True or False: The two main components of a scientific name are the genus and species.
True
Fill in the blank: The highest taxonomic rank is _____.
Domain
Which of the following is NOT a domain: Bacteria, Eukarya, Plantae?
Plantae
What is the primary purpose of taxonomy?
To organize and categorize living organisms.
In the Linnaean system, what rank comes after family?
Genus
True or False: All organisms within a genus are closely related.
True
What does the term ‘binomial nomenclature’ refer to?
The two-part naming system for species.
Which taxonomic rank is below species?
Subspecies
What is the genus name for humans?
Homo
Fill in the blank: The classification system developed by Carl Linnaeus is known as _____.
Linnaean taxonomy
True or False: The family taxonomic rank is broader than the order rank.
False
What is the key characteristic of organisms in the domain Archaea?
They are often extremophiles and have unique biochemistry.
Which kingdom includes multicellular photosynthetic organisms?
Plantae
What is the primary criterion for classifying organisms into the same species?
The ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
Which taxonomic level is represented by the suffix ‘-aceae’?
Family
Fill in the blank: Prokaryotic organisms are classified into two domains: Bacteria and _____.
Archaea
True or False: All plants are classified in the kingdom Animalia.
False
What is the main difference between the domains Bacteria and Archaea?
Their cellular structure and genetic makeup.
What does the term ‘phylogeny’ refer to?
The evolutionary history and relationships among species.
Which classification level is most specific?
Species
Fill in the blank: The classification of organisms based on evolutionary relationships is known as _____.
Cladistics
True or False: The classification system is static and does not change over time.
False
What is the primary basis for modern classification systems?
Genetic and molecular data.
Which kingdom is characterized by heterotrophic organisms that absorb nutrients?
Fungi
Fill in the blank: The science of naming organisms is called _____.
Nomenclature
What is the taxonomic rank above kingdom?
Domain
True or False: Viruses are classified in the same kingdoms as living organisms.
False
What type of classification groups organisms based on physical traits?
Morphological classification
Fill in the blank: The classification system that uses shared derived characteristics is called _____.
Cladistics
Which of the following is a characteristic of the kingdom Animalia? A) Photosynthesis B) Multicellular C) Autotrophic
B) Multicellular
What is the taxonomic rank that includes multiple genera?
Family
True or False: The classification of organisms is solely based on physical characteristics.
False
What is the primary method of determining evolutionary relationships among organisms?
Molecular phylogenetics
Fill in the blank: The taxonomic hierarchy is usually represented as a _____.
Tree
Which classification system is often used in modern biology?
Three-domain system
What does the term ‘sympatric speciation’ refer to?
The evolution of new species from a common ancestor while inhabiting the same geographic region.
Fill in the blank: The classification level below order is called _____.
Family
True or False: The species name is always italicized in scientific writing.
True
What is the primary focus of systematics in biology?
To classify organisms based on evolutionary relationships.
Which of the following is a method used for classifying organisms? A) Morphological B) Genetic C) Behavioral D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What does the term ‘endemic species’ refer to?
Species that are native to a specific geographic area.
Fill in the blank: Organisms that are more closely related will share a more recent common _____.
Ancestor
What is the primary characteristic of organisms in the kingdom Protista?
They are mostly unicellular and eukaryotic.
True or False: All members of the same family share the same genus.
True
What does ‘phylogenetic tree’ illustrate?
The evolutionary relationships among different species.
Fill in the blank: The process by which new species arise is known as _____.
Speciation
What is the first step in the classification of a new organism?
Determining its kingdom.
True or False: All eukaryotic organisms are classified in the domain Eukarya.
True
Which of the following is an example of a dichotomous key?
A tool used to identify organisms based on a series of choices.
