Chapter 18 And Some 19

Question 1

What is the main function of blood?

Answer 1

To transport nutrients, gases, and wastes

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a component of blood?

Answer 2

Adipocytes

Question 3

What is the primary protein involved in blood clotting?

Answer 3

Fibrinogen

Question 4

Which of the following is true about erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

Answer 4

They contain hemoglobin to transport gases

Question 5

What is the process of red blood cell production called?

Answer 5

Erythropoiesis

Question 6

The primary function of platelets is to:

Answer 6

Help in blood clotting

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a granular leukocyte?

Answer 7

Monocyte

Question 8

What is the main function of neutrophils?

Answer 8

To destroy bacteria through phagocytosis

Question 9

What is the function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

Answer 9

To carry oxygen from the lungs to tissues

Question 10

What is the first step of hemostasis?

Answer 10

Vascular spasm

Question 11

Which of the following is involved in the intrinsic pathway of coagulation?

Answer 11

Factor XII

Question 12

What is the role of the Rh factor in blood types?

Answer 12

Is a protein on the surface of red blood cells

Question 13

Which blood type has both A and B antigens on the surface of red blood cells?

Answer 13

Type AB

Question 14

What causes hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

Answer 14

A mismatch between maternal and fetal Rh blood types

Question 15

Which of the following describes a transfusion reaction?

Answer 15

Red blood cells clump together due to the mixing of incompatible blood types

Question 16

The major component of plasma is:

Answer 16

Water

Question 17

Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins?

Answer 17

Left atrium

Question 18

What is the primary function of the atrioventricular (AV) valves?

Answer 18

To ensure one-way blood flow between the atria and ventricles

Question 19

Which layer of the heart wall contains cardiac muscle and is responsible for contraction?

Answer 19

Myocardium

Question 20

Which of the following blood vessels carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart?

Answer 20

Pulmonary arteries

Question 21

In the systemic circuit, blood flows from the left ventricle into the:

Answer 21

Aorta

Question 22

What structure in the fetal heart allows blood to bypass the pulmonary circuit?

Answer 22

Foremen ovale

Question 23

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) occur if which process is disrupted during embryonic development?

Answer 23

Formation of heart septa

Question 24

The sinoatrial (SA) node is referred to as the pacemaker of the heart because it:

Answer 24

Depolarizes spontaneously at the fastest rate

Question 25

What is the role of calcium in cardiac muscle contraction?

Answer 25

Binds to troponin to expose myosin-binding sites

Question 26

Which part of the conduction system slows down depolarization to allow atrial contraction before ventricular contraction?

Answer 26

AV node

Question 27

What event corresponds to the S1 heart sound (“lub”)?

Answer 27

Closing of atrioventricular valves

Question 28

During which phase of the cardiac cycle do all four heart valves remain closed?

Answer 28

Isovolumetric contraction

Question 29

The T wave on an ECG corresponds to:

Answer 29

Ventricular repolarization

Question 30

Which part of the ECG indicates ventricular depolarization?

Answer 30

QRS complex

Question 31

What condition results from a calcified valve that is difficult to open?

Answer 31

Valve stenosis

Question 32

What is the most life-threatening type of fibrillation?

Answer 32

Ventricular fibrillation