Chapter 17 Flashcards
Which enzyme breaks down cyclic AMP?
Phosphodiesterase
Where are the hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary produced?
Hypothalamus
Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for regulating metabolic rate?
Thyroxine (T4)
The hypothalamus controls the anterior pituitary gland by releasing which type of hormones?
Tropic hormones
The release of growth hormone (GH) is stimulated by:
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating milk production after child birth?
Prolactin
What does the hormone cortisol help regulate?
Blood glucose levels
What is the primary function of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
To increase blood calcium levels
Which gland produces adrenaline (epinephrine) and norepinephrine?
Adrenal glands
Which hormone secreted by the thyroid gland helps regulate calcium levels in the blood?
Calcitonin
What type of feedback mechanism regulates the secretion of most hormones in the body?
Negative feedback
Which of the following is true regarding the adrenal medulla?
It secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
What is the primary role of the hormone aldosterone?
To regulate sodium and potassium balance
Which of the following is the main action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Promoting water retention in the kidneys
What is the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
Stimulates the production of thyroid hormones
Which of the following hormones is produced by the anterior pituitary gland?
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
What is the function of glucagon in blood glucose regulation?
It increases blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogen breakdown
Which of the following hormones is involved in the body’s fight-or-flight response?
Epinephrine
Which condition is caused by hypersecretion of cortisol?
Cushings syndrome
What is the function of insulin in blood glucose regulation?
To promote the uptake of glucose into cells, lowering blood glucose levels
What role does the pineal gland play in the endocrine system?
It regulates the circadian rhythm through the secretion of melatonin
Which of the following is the result of hypersecretion of growth hormone during adulthood?
Acromegaly
Which hormone is produced by the testes and is responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics?
Testosterone
Which of the following is true about the pancreas?
It secretes insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar
Which of the following hormones increases during times of stress to prepare the body for a fight-or-flight response?
Cortisol
Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal cortex to help the body respond to stress?
Cortisol
