Chapter 18 Flashcards
On which direction was most of the Russian expansion?
East
How did the boyars end the time of troubles?
Elected Michael Romanov to be czar
What social classes made up most of Russia between 145 and 1750?
Land owners & peasants
What western ideas did Peter the great try to emulate?
Recognize military & royal control of bureaucracy
What did Peter the great capture in order to gain a port?
Land on Baltic Sea Fought with Sweden
Where did Peter the great move the capital?
From Moscow to St. Petersburg
Where did Peter the great concentrate his economic development?
Elite / upper class
What did Ivan 4th do?
Attacked nobles, strengthened serfdom, established secret policy
How did tsars try to establish control over newly seized territory?
Sent in Cossacks
What did Russia eliminate as they moved deeper into Asia?
Nomadic cultures & threat of their attack
What ushered in the time of troubles?
Left no heirs to throne
While Catherine the great was fascinated by enlightenment ideas, what practice did she continue?
Serfdom
What areas did Catherine the great claim?
Alaska, parts of Siberia, parts of pacific coast, participated in division of Poland
What indicated Eastern Europe’s status as dependent nations?
Evidence of coercive labor
What percentage of Russian people lived on cities or towns?
5%
After 1450, what Eastern European nation suffered the greatest decline?
Poland
What was the problem with Poland’s central government?
Powerless central government
Which principality led the Russian effort to kick out the Mongols?
Moscow
Who is given credit for freeing Russia from the Mongols?
Ivan the 3rd
What was Russia’s economy like at the time they expelled the Mongols?
Agriculture & heavy dependence on peasant labor
What tittle did moscow claim for itself?
3rd Rome
List four items which indicate Russia’s dependent economic status
Exportation of raw goods, importation of luxury / manufactured goods, coercive labor system, imitate west
What characteristics did Eastern Europe and Russia share?
Dominance of aristocracy, rigid serfdom, lack of commercial & urban class, poverty
List four things Russia did during the reign of Ivans
Diplomatic missions to west, western merchants established outpost in Moscow, Italian artists & craftsmen, territorial expansion
