Chapter 18

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

Process the body needs to make energy from macronutrients (proteins, carbs, fats) and alcohol

Question 2

Macronutrients

Answer 2

– Sometimes referred to as fuel
– After digestion and absorption this fuel can be used right away or stored as energy in the body tissue (Adipose, liver, & muscle)

Question 3

Metabolic exchange currency

Answer 3

ATP doesn’t really contain energy but instead ATP is really the metabolic “exchange currency”

Question 4

Converting food to ATP requires intermediaries Called

Answer 4

Coenzymes or cofactors

Question 5

The most important oxidative coenzyme is?

Answer 5

NAD

Question 6

Metabolic disorders

Answer 6

Occurs when abnormal Chemical reactions in your body disrupt this process
– When this happens, you might have too much of some substances or too little of other ones that you need to stay healthy

Question 7

Metabolism has two goals and two fuels

Answer 7

– Goal

1) provides energy via ATP production
2) Provide energy for brain, central nervous system and red blood cells

– Fuel
1) Acetyl – coenzyme A
(acetyl-Co A)
2) Glucose

Question 8

Ketone/Ketone bodies

Answer 8

– Molecules generated during fast metabolism, whether from food or body storage

Question 9

Ketosis

Answer 9

Occurs when the body is using fat for energy during times of starvation

Question 10

Ketone bodies

Answer 10

• Produced by liver.
• Used peripherally as an energy source when glucose is not readily available.
• always Present in the blood and their levels increase during fasting and prolonged exercise.
• 2 main- acetoacetate and 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate
• acetone is the third
• can disturb acid/base balance