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Human Anatomy > Chapter 18&19 A&P2 > Flashcards

Chapter 18&19 A&P2 Flashcards

1
Q

When released in high amounts causes intense vasoconstriction

A

ADH

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2
Q

Neurotransmitter which brings about parasympathetic nervous system effects on the heart

A

Acetylcholine

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3
Q

Interconnections of vessels around organs or joints which allow alternate pathways of blood supply

A

Anastomoses

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4
Q

The valve which closes when the left ventricle relaxes

A

Aortic semilunar

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5
Q

Vessels which carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

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6
Q

Site of greatest peripheral resistance

A

Arterioles

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7
Q

Second structure of the intrinsic conduction system; located in the intertribal septum

A

Atrioventricular node

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8
Q

Mechanoreceptors that detect changes in arterial pressure; located in carotid sinuses, aortic arch, large arteries of neck and thorax

A

Baroreceptors

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9
Q

The valve which closes when the left ventricle contracts

A

Bicuspid

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10
Q

Cardiac output multiplied by peripheral resistance

A

Blood pressure

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11
Q

The place in the body where auto regulation of blood flow is triggered by an increase in carbon dioxide

A

Brain

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12
Q

Increase in this mineral can lead to spastic heart contraction

A

Calcium

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13
Q

Place where blood flow is the slowest

A

Capillaries

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14
Q

Type of shock due to heart failure

A

Cardiogenic

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15
Q

Connective tissue strings which connect AV valve flaps to muscles in ventricular walls

A

Chordae tendineae

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16
Q

Collects blood draining from the myocardium

A

Coronary sinus

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17
Q

Blood pressure reading associated with ventricular relaxation

A

Diastolic

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18
Q

The aorta is an example of a/an _____ artery.

A

Elastic

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19
Q

Lining of the inside surfaces of the heart

A

Endocardium

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20
Q

Another name for the visceral pericardium

A

Epicardium

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21
Q

Capillaries that have pores are said to be _____.

A

Fenestrated

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22
Q

Shallow depression which marks the spot where an opening existed in the fetal heart

A

Fossa ovalis

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23
Q

Force which dominates at arterial end of capillary bed to force fluid out of the circulation

A

Hydrostatic pressure

24
Q

Type of shock due to large-scale blood loss

A

Hypovolemic

25
Q

Returns blood from regions inferior to diaphragm

A

Inferior vena cava

26
Q

Organ which releases renin, which results in formation of angiotensin, a vasoconstrictor

A

Kidneys

27
Q

Chamber attached to pulmonary veins

A

Left atrium

28
Q

Chamber attached to aorta

A

Left ventricle

29
Q

The place in the body where low oxygen leads to vasoconstriction

A

Lungs

30
Q

_____ arteries deliver blood to specific body organs; most named arteries.

A

Muscular

31
Q

Layer of the heart where the cardiac muscle is located

A

Myocardium

32
Q

Neurotransmitter which brings about sympathetic nervous system effects on the heart

A

Norepinephrine

33
Q

Temporary low blood pressure and dizziness when rising suddenly from a reclining or sitting position

A

Orthostatic hypotension

34
Q

Force which dominates at venous end of capillary bed to draw fluid back into the circulation

A

Osmotic pressure

35
Q

Muscles which protrude from ventricular walls to anchor AV valves in the closed position

A

Papillary muscles

36
Q

Covering of the heart next to the body wall

A

Parietal pericardium

37
Q

Opposition to blood flow; measure of the amount of friction the blood encounters when passing through the vessels

A

Peripheral resistance

38
Q

In excess, this mineral interferes with depolarization and may lead to heart block and cardiac arrest

A

Potassium

39
Q

Cuff of smooth muscle which determines whether blood will enter the capillary bed

A

Precapillary sphincter

40
Q

The valve which closes when the right ventricle relaxes

A

Right atrium

41
Q

Chamber attached to pulmonary artery

A

Right ventricle

42
Q

High blood pressure due to identifiable disorders such as hyperthyroidism or Cushing’s disease

A

Secondary hypertension

43
Q

Pacemaker of the heart; located in right atrium

A

Sinoatrial node

44
Q

Inhibits transport of calcium and thereby blocks heart contraction

A

Sodium

45
Q

Returns blood from regions superior to diaphragm

A

Superior vena cava

46
Q

Blood pressure reading associated with ventricular contraction

A

Systolic

47
Q

Causes a slow, sustained increase in heart rate when released in large quantities

A

Thyroxine

48
Q

The valve which closes when the right ventricle contracts

A

Tricuspid

49
Q

Part of blood vessel wall which is composed of collagen fibers to protect and anchor the vessel

A

Tunica externa

50
Q

Part of the blood vessel wall which contains the endothelium

A

Tunica media

51
Q

Structures present in veins that prevent blood form flowing backward

A

Valves

52
Q

Type of shock due to extreme vasodilation; can be caused by autonomic nervous system dysfunction and septicemia

A

Vascular

53
Q

Short vessel tat directly connects the arteriole and venue at opposite ends of capillary bed

A

Vascular shunt

54
Q

Vessels which carry blood to the heart

A

Veins

55
Q

The most important factor in altering peripheral resistance

A

Vessel diameter

Human Anatomy (4 decks)

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