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Health 110 > Chapter 17 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Antidiuretic
(AN-tih-die-you-RET-ik)

A

an agent that decreases urine production

Anti- against
Di- complete
Uret urination
-ic pertaining to

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone
(AN-tih-die-you-RET-ik HOR-mohn)

A

posterior pituitary hormone that decreases urine output by acting on the kidney; also called vasopressin

Anti- against
Di- complete
Uret urination
-ic pertaining to
Hormone Greek - to set in motion

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4
Q

Endocrine
(EN-doh-krin)

A

pertaining to a gland that produces an internal or hormonal secretion

Endo- within
-crine secrete

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5
Q

Endocrinology
(EN-doh-krih-NOL-oh-jee)

A

medical specialty concerned with the production and effects of hormones

Endo- within
Crin/o secrete
-logy study of

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6
Q

Endocrinologist
(EN-doh-krih-NOL-oh-jist)

A

a medical specialist in endocrinology

Endo- within
Crin/o secrete
-logist specialist

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7
Q

Hormone
(HOR-mohn)

A

chemical formed in one tissue or organ and carried by the blood to stimulate or inhibit a function of another tissue or organ

Greek - to set in motion

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8
Q

Hormonal
(hor-MOHN-al)

A

pertaining to a hormone(s) or the endocrine system

Hormon chemical messenger
-al pertaining to

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9
Q

Leptin
(LEP-tin)

A

hormone secreted by adipose tissue

Lept thin, small
-in chemical compound

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10
Q

Parathyroid
(pair-ah-THIGH-royd)

A

endocrine glands embedded in the back of the thyroid gland

Para- beside
Thyr an oblong shield
-oid resembling

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11
Q

Adenohypophysis
(AD-en-oh-high-POF-ih-sis)

A

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Aden/o gland
Hypo- below
Physis growth

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12
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
(ah-DREE-noh-KOR-tih-koh-TROH-pik HOR-mohn)

A

hormone of the anterior pituitary that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland to produce its own hormones

Adren/o adrenal gland
Cortic/o cortisone, cortex
-tropic stimulator
Hormone Greek - to set in motion

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13
Q

Corticosteroid
(KOR-tih-koh-STEHR-oyd)

A

a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex

Cortic/o cortisone
Ster steroid
-oid resembling

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14
Q

Corticotropin
(KOR-tih-koh-TROH-pin)

A

pituitary hormone that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland to secrete cortisone

Cortic/o cortisone, cortex
-tropin stimulation

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15
Q

Hypophysis
(high-POF-ih-sis)

A

another name for the pituitary gland

Hypo- below
Physis growth

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16
Q

Neurohypophysis
(NYUR-oh-high-POF-ih-sis)

A

posterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Neur/o nervous tissue
Hypo- below
Physis growth

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17
Q

Somatotropin
(SOH-mah-toh-TROH-pin)

A

hormone of the anterior pituitary that stimulates growth of body tissue

Somat/o the body
-tropin stimulation

18
Q

Thyroid
(THIGH-royd)

A

endocrine gland in the neck, or a cartilage of the larynx

Thyr an oblong shield
-oid resembling

19
Q

Thyrotropin
(thigh-roh-TROH-pin)

A

hormone from the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates function of the thyroid gland

Thyr/o thyroid
-tropin stimulation

20
Q

Iodine
(EYE-oh-dine / EYE-oh-deen)

A

chemical element, the lack of which causes thyroid disease

Iod violet, iodine
-ine pertaining to

21
Q

Adrenal Gland
(ah-DREE-nal GLAND)

A

the suprarenal or adrenal, gland on the upper pole of each kidney

Adren adrenal gland
-al pertaining to
Gland Latin - glans, acorn

22
Q

Adrenaline / Epinephrine
(ah-DREN-ah-lin) (ep-ih-NEF-rin)

A

one of the catecholamines

23
Q

Aldosterone
(al-DOS-ter-ohn)

A

mineralocorticoid hormone of the adrenal cortex

Ald/o organic compound
Ster steroid
-one hormone

24
Q

Catecholamine
(kat-eh-KOHL-ah-meen)

A

any major hormones in stress response; includes epinephrine and norepinephrine

Catechol benzene derivative
-amine nitrogen containing

25
Q

Acromegaly
(ak-roh-MEG-ah-lee)

A

enlargement of the head, face, hands, and feet due to excess growth hormone in an adult

Acro- highest point, extremity
Megaly enlargement

25
Q

Dehydroepiandrosterone
(dee-HIGH-droh-eh-pee-an-DROS-ter-ohn)

A

precursors to testosterone; produced in the adrenal cortex

De- without, change of
Hydr/o water
Epi- above
Andr/o male, masculine
Ster steroid
-one hormone

26
Q

Euthyroid
(you-THIGH-royd)

A

normal thyroid function

Eu- good, normal
Thyr an oblong shield
-oid resembling

27
Q

Exophthalmos
(ek-sof-THAL-os)

A

protrusion of the eyeball

Ex- out, out of
Ophthalmos eye

28
Q

Goiter
(GOY-ter)

A

enlargement of the thyroid gland

Latin - throat

29
Q

Myxedema
(mik-seh-DEE-mah)

A

waxy, nonpitting edema of the skin

Myx- mucus
-edema swelling

30
Q

Thyroiditis
(thigh-roy-DIE-tis)

A

inflammation of the thyroid gland

Thyr an oblong shield
-oid resembling
-itis inflammation

31
Q

Thyrotoxicosis
(THIGH-roh-tok-sih-KOH-sis)

A

disorder caused by excessive thyroid hormone production

Thyr/o an oblong shield
Toxic/o poison
-sis abnormal condition

32
Q

Adrenalectomy
(ah-DREE-nal-EK-toh-mee)

A

removal of part or all of an adrenal gland

Ad- near, toward
Ren kidney
-al pertaining to
-ectomy surgical excision

33
Q

Adrenogenital Syndrome
(ah-DREE-noh-JEN-it-al SIN-drome)

A

hypersecretion of androgens from the adrenal gland

Adren/o adrenal gland
Genit primary male or female sex organs
-al pertaining to
Syn- together
Drome course

34
Q

Hyperglycemia
(HIGH-per-glie-SEE-mee-ah)

A

high level of glucose (sugar) in blood

Hyper- above
Glyc glucose
-emia blood condition

35
Q

Hyperglycemia
(HIGH-per-glie-SEE-mik)

A

pertaining to high blood sugar

Hyper- above
Glyc glucose
-emic in the blood

36
Q

Osmolality
(OZ-moh-LAL-ih-tee)

A

the concentration of a solution

Osmol concentration
-al pertaining to
-ity state

37
Q

Thymectomy
(thigh-MEK-toh-mee)

A

surgical removal of the thymus gland

Thym thymus gland
-ectomy surgical excision

38
Q

Hyperplasia
(high-per-PLAY-zee-ah)

A

incease in the number of cells in a tissue or organ

Hyper- excessive
Plas formation
-ia condition

39
Q

Fructosamine
(FRUK-toh-sah-meen)

A

organic compound with fructose as its base

Fructos fruit sugar
-amine nitrogen containing

Health 110 (21 decks)

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