CHAPTER 17 TEST Flashcards
Confederate Capital City –
Richmond Virginia
Infantry -
Foot soldiers (main soldiers)
Emancipation Proclamation
Who issued: Abraham Lincoln
When: January 1, 1863 (after the battle of Antietam)
Why then: to not seem weak (waited until finally won a war)
Define emancipate: To set free.
Lincoln’s political goal: Keep country united (only slaves in Confederate states were free)
Impact on War: England stopped helping the South
Artillery -
Cannons
Fort Sumter
Where: Charleston Harbor, South Carolina
Major Robert Anderson- Union
General PGT Beauregard- Confederates
Date: April 12, 1861
President of Confederacy: Jefferson Davis
States that secede: (7) – South Carolina was first
Winner: South (Confederates)
South Weaknesses (economic &political problems)
1.) Few factories to produce weapons.
2.) Few railroads to move troops and supplies.
3.) Small population—9 million compared to 22 million in the North (Union).
4.) The Confederate government had a hard time getting things done—The confederate constitution favored state’s rights and limited power of government.
Describe how the North and South felt about the Civil War in the very beginning.
- South – Fought for independence—wanted to keep their way of life.
- North – Fought to preserve the union—slavery was not the main issue.
Cavalry –
Soldiers on horse back (eyes and ears of Army)
William T .Sherman -
Given orders to destroy everything in the South.
Purpose of Gettysburg Address
To dedicate the battlefield as a cemetery in honor of everyone who died and continue to fight and not give up.
Martial law –
Rule by the Army instead of elected government.
South Strengths:
1.) They were fighting to defend their homeland—gave them a strong reason to fight.
2.) They knew the southern countryside better.
3.) The land was wooded—the confederate used this for cover from Union troops
President of the Union:
Abraham Lincoln
Battle of Shiloh –
Siege/bloodiest civil war fought to control the Mississippi River
South =
Confederates
Vicksburg
Union commander: General Grant
Confederate commander: General Pemberton
Date of surrender: July 4, 1863
Define siege: nonstop attack
Two nicknames for Grant: Unconditional surrender Grant, The Butcher
Why was Vicksburg crucial: Gave us control over the Mississippi River
Total War: When everyone is fighting and at risk.
Winner: Union
Ironclad ships for Union and Confederacy –
Union = Monitor
Confederates = CSS Merrimac (The Virginia)
North Weaknesses:
1.) Military challenge: instead of defending homes, they were invading unfamiliar land.
William T .Sherman
Given orders to destroy everything in the South.
George McClellan –
Appointed by Lincoln to head the Union Army. Slow and cautious. (in charge of the Army of the Potomac)
President of the Union:
Abraham Lincoln
Inflation –
A rise in prices and a decrease in the value of our money.
Battle of Fredericksburg –
Virginia, Dec. 1862 – One of the worst defeats for the Union. Lee took down wave after wave of Union troops.
North Strengths:
1.) Bigger population—more people to fight, make weapons, and grow crops for food.
2.) More factories and railroads—weapons/moving troops.
3.) Strong navy—many trading ships.
