CHAPTER 17 TEST

Question 1

Confederate Capital City –

Answer 1

Richmond Virginia

Question 2

Infantry -

Answer 2

Foot soldiers (main soldiers)

Question 3

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 3

Who issued: Abraham Lincoln
When: January 1, 1863 (after the battle of Antietam)
Why then: to not seem weak (waited until finally won a war)
Define emancipate: To set free.
Lincoln’s political goal: Keep country united (only slaves in Confederate states were free)
Impact on War: England stopped helping the South

Question 4

Artillery -

Answer 4

Cannons

Question 5

Fort Sumter

Answer 5

Where: Charleston Harbor, South Carolina
Major Robert Anderson- Union
General PGT Beauregard- Confederates
Date: April 12, 1861
President of Confederacy: Jefferson Davis
States that secede: (7) – South Carolina was first
Winner: South (Confederates)

Question 6

South Weaknesses (economic &political problems)

Answer 6

1.) Few factories to produce weapons.
2.) Few railroads to move troops and supplies.
3.) Small population—9 million compared to 22 million in the North (Union).
4.) The Confederate government had a hard time getting things done—The confederate constitution favored state’s rights and limited power of government.

Question 7

Describe how the North and South felt about the Civil War in the very beginning.

Answer 7

• South – Fought for independence—wanted to keep their way of life.
• North – Fought to preserve the union—slavery was not the main issue.

Question 8

Cavalry –

Answer 8

Soldiers on horse back (eyes and ears of Army)

Question 9

William T .Sherman -

Answer 9

Given orders to destroy everything in the South.

Question 10

Purpose of Gettysburg Address

Answer 10

To dedicate the battlefield as a cemetery in honor of everyone who died and continue to fight and not give up.

Question 11

Martial law –

Answer 11

Rule by the Army instead of elected government.

Question 12

South Strengths:

Answer 12

1.) They were fighting to defend their homeland—gave them a strong reason to fight.
2.) They knew the southern countryside better.
3.) The land was wooded—the confederate used this for cover from Union troops

Question 13

President of the Union:

Answer 13

Abraham Lincoln

Question 14

Battle of Shiloh –

Answer 14

Siege/bloodiest civil war fought to control the Mississippi River

Question 15

South =

Answer 15

Confederates

Question 16

Vicksburg

Answer 16

Union commander: General Grant
Confederate commander: General Pemberton
Date of surrender: July 4, 1863
Define siege: nonstop attack
Two nicknames for Grant: Unconditional surrender Grant, The Butcher
Why was Vicksburg crucial: Gave us control over the Mississippi River
Total War: When everyone is fighting and at risk.
Winner: Union

Question 17

Ironclad ships for Union and Confederacy –

Answer 17

Union = Monitor
Confederates = CSS Merrimac (The Virginia)

Question 18

North Weaknesses:

Answer 18

1.) Military challenge: instead of defending homes, they were invading unfamiliar land.

Question 19

William T .Sherman

Answer 19

Given orders to destroy everything in the South.

Question 20

George McClellan –

Answer 20

Appointed by Lincoln to head the Union Army. Slow and cautious. (in charge of the Army of the Potomac)

Question 21

President of the Union:

Answer 21

Abraham Lincoln

Question 22

Inflation –

Answer 22

A rise in prices and a decrease in the value of our money.

Question 23

Battle of Fredericksburg –

Answer 23

Virginia, Dec. 1862 – One of the worst defeats for the Union. Lee took down wave after wave of Union troops.

Question 24

North Strengths:

Answer 24

1.) Bigger population—more people to fight, make weapons, and grow crops for food.
2.) More factories and railroads—weapons/moving troops.
3.) Strong navy—many trading ships.

Question 25

Appomattox Courthouse:

Answer 25

Union commander: General Grant
Confederate commander: General Lee
Who surrendered: Confederates
Date: April 9, 1865
Winner: Union

Question 26

Habeas Corpus –

Answer 26

The right NOT to be held in prison without being charged with a specific crime. The right to have a hearing before being held in jail.

Question 27

Gettysburg

Answer 27

Commander of Union: General Meade
Commander of Confederates: Robert E. Lee
Day 1: Union was able to hold their positions, massive fighting.
Day 2: Union was able to hold their positions, massive fighting.
Day 3: Pickett’s charge
Who occupied Seminary Ridge: Confederates
Who occupied Cemetery Ridge: Union
Lee’s Right hand man @ Gettysburg: General Longstreet, General Pickett
Winner: Union

Question 28

Describe how BOTH (North and South) felt about the Civil War in the very beginning.

Answer 28

Both realized that their hopes for a short war were unrealistic.

Question 29

Battle of Chancellorsville –

Answer 29

Virginia, May 1863 – Geral Jacksons last battle. Confederate victory.

Question 30

North =

Answer 30

Union