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343 Pharm Exam 5 > Chapter 17 : Stimulants > Flashcards

Chapter 17 : Stimulants Flashcards

1
Q

What do we use stimulants for?

A

ADHD
Narcolepsy
Reversal of respiratory distress

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2
Q

Normally why or who do we usually use reversal of respiratory distress CNS stimulants?

A

For pre terms babies because they forget to breathe

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3
Q

What of medication of stimulant do we usually for our pre term babies?

A

Analeptics, caffeine

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4
Q

What are the 3 categories we are going to talk about for CNS stimulant?

A

Amphetamines
Analeptics, caffeine
Anorexiants

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5
Q

What does amphetamines act on?

A

In the cerebral cortex

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6
Q

What does Analeptics, caffeine act on?

A

Brain stem and medulla

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7
Q

What does anorexiants act on?

A

On satiety center in hypothalamic and limbic areas

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8
Q

What is narcolepsy?

A

Recurrent attacks or drowsiness and sleep during normal waking activities

Like driving and talking

When you’re not suppose to be falling asleep or trying to fall asleep

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9
Q

Amphetamines topic!!

A
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10
Q

What is the action of amphetamines?? (2)

A

Stimulate release of norepinephrine and dopamines

Block reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamines

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11
Q

What are the 4 amphetamines CNS effects?

A

Mood elevation / euphoria

Increase mental alertness and capacity for work

Decreased fatigue and drowsiness

Prolonged wakefulness

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12
Q

What are the 3 respiratory effects of amphetamines ?

A

Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle

Increase respiration

Dilation of pulmonary arteries

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13
Q

If you stop your ADHD medications what happens?

A

You feel exhausted for a while

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14
Q

Normally we recommended patients to slowly tapper off ADHD why?

A

To not feel so exhausted

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15
Q

Is amphetamines a long acting pill?

So we recommend they take it during?

A

Yes

The morning so it’s out of your system when it’s time for sleep

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16
Q

What are the adverse effects of amphetamines? (8)

A

Palpitations
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Nervousness
Restlessness
Insomnia
Anoriexa( not being hunger )
Growth suppression

17
Q

Think of the fact that amphetamines is a stimulant so you’re over stimulant, so think of?

A

Like cardiac
You are feeling too much
Jumpy
Uncomfortable
Can’t sit still

18
Q

Excess use of amphetamines what happens?

A

Psychosis

( This medication is psychosis based so when you’re off of it, you shouldn’t be at this risk anymore )

19
Q

Amphetamines causes what type of weight ?

A

Weight loss appetite suppression

Decrease appetite = weight loss
Because they have upset stomach

Usually a lot of kids
End up getting

Growth suppression

20
Q

Some doctors will do a baseline of what before starting amphetamines ( ADHD meds )?

A

Heart
To see what they are before

21
Q

Amphetamines, you always want to get these people a good diet like what? Because they aren’t hungry ^

A

Protein
Yogurt
Fruits and vegs

22
Q

What are the 2 drugs for amphetamines - like drugs for ADHD?

A

Methylphenidate

Dexmethylphenidate

23
Q

What the function of the 2 ADHD medications?

A

Increase attention span and cognitive performance

Memory and reading

Decrease impulsiveness, hyperactivity and restless

24
Q

What are the 3 big concerns for amphetamine drugs?

A

Sleep
Growth suppression
Cardiac

25
Q

What does narcolepsy drugs do?

A

Increase wakefulness in patients with sleep disorders

26
Q

Narcolepsy drugs do
Increase effects of ? (4)
Decrease effects of?

A

Anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, TCAS, MAOIS
Antihypertensives

27
Q

Nursing implications of ADHD
Last daily dose should be given what?
Take on an ____stomach at what time?
Eat a healthy ___

Monitor child for
Physical growth, including height and weight

A

4-6 hours before bedtime
Empty- 30-45mins before meals
Breakfest

28
Q

Notes
Amphetamine
Usually contraindicated in heart disease, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, Parkinsonism, glaucoma

Assses vital signs, monitor for increase in BP

Assess mental status, such as mood, affect and aggressiveness

Don’t discontinue suddenly

Assess complete blood count
Differential white blood cells
Platelets before and during therapy

Sugarless gum for dry mouth

A
29
Q

If you think of hyperthyroid, has the same side effects of amphetamines, so we what?

A

Don’t give that medication to treat hyperthyroid

30
Q

Anorexiants

A
31
Q

What does Anorexiants do?

A

Appetite suppression
- cause stimulant effect on hypothalamic and limbic areas of brain

32
Q

At what age should we not give Anorexiants?

A

Under 12 year old

33
Q

What are your side effects if Anorexiants?

A

Restlessness
Euphoria
Insomnia
Tachycardia
Palpitations
Hypertension
Seizures
Erectile dysfunction

34
Q

Analeptics

A
35
Q

What is analeptics, caffeine used for?

A

Used for neonatal apnea
Used for mental alertness

36
Q

What are your 6 analeptics side effects?

A

Palpitations
Tachycardia
Dysrthymias
Insomnia
Tremors
Restlessness

37
Q

Practice question 1
What would indicate to the nurse that the child taking methylphenidate requires more teaching?

A. The child is seen drinking a cold product

B. The child checks his weight twice a week

C. The child takes the drug 45mins before a meal

D. The child takes the drug before breakfast and lunch

A

A.The child is seen drinking a cold product

38
Q

Practice question 2
A child has been diagnosed with ADHD. Which drug dose the nurse anticipate the health care provider will prescribed?

A. Zolmitriptan
B. Doxapram
C. Benzphetamine
D. Methylphenidate

A

D. Methylphenidate

39
Q

Practice question 3
Methylphenidate should not be taken by patients with a history of which condition?

A. Renal failure
B. Glaucoma
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Heart disease

A

D. Heart disease

343 Pharm Exam 5 (7 decks)

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